Effect of Force and Mass on Acceleration Essay

Abstract: In this lab there were two principals investigated. The first was the relationship between applied force and acceleration. The second was the relationship between mass and acceleration. To study these two relationships, my partners and I used a dynamic cart with added mass on it. This cart was then attached to a pulley system on a â€Å"frictionless track† where it was pulled by a string bearing mass over the edge of a table. In the first relationship tested, applied force and acceleration, mass was moved from being on the cart to being on the end of the pulley. My partners and I measured the acceleration with the LabQuest computer every time the cart was released. In order to test the relationship between mass and acceleration, my group added different amounts of mass to the cart and measured the changes in acceleration. From all of the data collected we concluded that force and acceleration have a direct, linear relationship. We also determined that mass and accele ration have an inverse, quadratic relationship. Background: When my lab partners and I started this lab, we came in knowing some background information on what we were doing and the concepts involved. We knew that we had to determine the relationships between acceleration in a system and the net force acting on the system. We also knew that we had to discover the relationship between acceleration and mass in the system. Some major concepts we had to understand prior to the lab were Newton’s Fist Law of Motion, acceleration, net forces, and inertia. Newton’s first law states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion, with the same speed and direction unless acted on by an unbalanced force. This is important because we were aware that when an object is moving at constant velocity there is a net force of zero. This gave my group our basic understanding of acceleration, a rate of change of velocity over time; because we realized that when there is an unequal net force the object must be accelerating/ decelerating. This also allowed my group to understand how net forces work, which is especially important since this lab consists of net forces that are not zero. Because the track the cart rode on was considered to be â€Å"frictionless,† my group used our prior knowledge to assume that the only unbalanced force in the system was from the horizontal tension in the string. My groups’ understanding that inertia is an objects’ tendency to stay at rest and resist motion helped us during the lab as well. With this background knowledge we were able to perform the appropriate experiments to gain the correct results for our lab. Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to determine the relationship between mass and acceleration. Another purpose was to determine the relationship between the acceleration in a system and the net force that is acting on the system. We wanted to deepen our understanding of these relationships by proving already known theories for ourselves. Hypothesis: If the mass of the cart is kept constant but the net force of the system increases (hanging weight over the pulley), then the acceleration will increase. The acceleration will increase because a larger force will cause the object to move faster. This is because as the forces become more unbalanced in the horizontal axis the easier it is for an object to overcome its inertial tendency to stay at rest. However, if the mass of the cart changes but the force is kept constant, then the acceleration will decrease. This will happen because the heavier the object is the more force needed in order for it to move. Adding mass would increase the object’s inertial tendency to stay at rest. Lab Drawing: Procedure: To test the relationship between acceleration and force (constant mass) my lab partners and I set up a metal cart on a metal â€Å"frictionless† track. The cart had a string attached to it that ran over a pulley, alongside the edge of the table, where it was connected to a hanging mass (as the above drawing indicates). We hooked up a LabQuest data logger to the track in order to document the carts acceleration while being pulled by the hanging weight. My lab partners and I then placed two 500 gram blocks on the cart in addition to five 50 gram masses. On the end of the string hanging was a 50 gram mass. The cart was then released from its held position on the track, and the hanging weight caused the cart to accelerate. This acceleration was documented by the LabQuest data logger. My partners and I performed three trials and then found the average acceleration. Once the average acceleration was calculated, we took a 50 gram mass from on top of the cart to the hanging mass. The cart was released and the LabQuest data logger documented this new acceleration. We did this three times as well. My partners and I did this until all of the 50 gram masses were transferred from above the cart to onto the hanging string (6 different forces, 15 different trials). After this was completed we found the applied force by multiplying the hanging mass by 9.8 m/s2 (acceleration due to gravity). We then plotted the points and graphed the data to discover the relationship. To test the second relationship, mass and acceleration, my lab partners and I used the same cart and pulley set up on the â€Å"frictionless† track. We calculated the mass of the cart prior to adding any more mass, which was about 500 grams. Once we discovered this number we added five 500 gram masses to the cart. We released this cart three times, using a constant force, and had the LabQuest document the acceleration. We then found the average acceleration for the 3 kg cart. After, we removed one 500 gram mass from the cart. We released the cart three times with this new mass and found its individual and average acceleration. We repeated these steps until all of the 500 gram masses were removed from the cart, and then tested the cart with no added mass (6 different masses, 18 different trials). Once completed, this data was plotted and graphed, and the relationship determined.

Importance on Computer in Education Essay

This chapter provides the information that is relevant to the study. It includes foreign and local literature taken from the internet, some studies that were analyzed by the researchers. This chapter also includes some information taken from books, online newspaper and online articles. A. Foreign Literature History The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 allocated money to bring new technology into schools, including computers. In 1975, Apple Computer first donated computers to schools, and by 1981 educational â€Å"drill and practice† programs were developed. By 1996, many schools were rewired for Internet access. Importance of Computer in Primary Schools The use of computer education in both public and private schools provides students with the technology skills required for college. Students in elementary schools begin learning the basics of computer use in kindergarten Computer in primary schools can expose students to additional resource, such as online encyclopedia, dictionaries, government-sponsored educational sites, learning games and online tutoring. In the future, computers will play an even bigger part in the everyday school agenda. Experts predict that the time is coming soon when the teacher will be mainly a facilitator of learning while children sit at computers and complete the majority of their class work, homework and special projects. Uses of Computer in Primary Education Computers are becoming common place in school as aids to learning. Children can work individually or in pairs at a computer. Some schools place computers in the classroom, others locate the computers in computer labs. They are used in reading, writing, mathematics, science, and social studies instruction. Some programs teach keyboarding. When children use computers to learn mathematics, the computer serves as a tutor, a tool and a tutee. Computers in the classrooms can be used as direct educational tools for online learning or can reinforce previously taught skills. For students struggling with specific skills, there are many games that can be played online to serve as learning interventions. The teacher still guides the process, but it is more student-driven than before. Research * Students in primary school can use computers as sources for reports. Because of online encyclopedias and magazines, children have access to media that may otherwise be unavailable to them. * Elementary school students learn how to use a computer for research, as well as what websites should be trusted for accurate information. Lists of educational sites are often printed out for student use at home, and aid further exploration of interesting subject matter. Educational Games * Children can use computers for learning that is fun. Thousands of websites offer interactive games in all subject areas. These are excellent for reviewing and reinforcing skills the teacher has introduced to primary students. Academic Intervention * Teachers can help students struggling with specific skills by downloading activities and tailoring them to each student’s learning style and level. Computers cannot replace a teacher or tutor, but they can augment their ability to meet the needs of the students. Assessment * Teachers can use computers to provide testing materials for their class. They can access the textbook publishers’ online resources or connect with a community of teachers around the country who share ideas and materials. Class Records * Teachers can maintain student grades, parent contact information and other relevant information through word-processing programs or membership to online record-keeping software at little or no cost. Benefits of Computer in Primary Schools Computers are used in almost every classroom in the country. Some teachers only use email and grade book features, but computers can offer many benefits to teachers and students in primary grades (kindergarten through grade 6). Computers in the classroom are not just there for fun or something for kids to do when their work is finished. Now the computer can supplement the curriculum. The computer becomes a part of the class work. It’s not a substitute for the teacher but a strong assistant. Many children are able to understand concepts when they are presented on a website that relates to their life in some way. Computer-assisted instruction offers teachers and students another avenue to learn the required academic material. Educational computer programs are available online, at computer stores or through textbook companies. Stick with programs that are user-friendly and hold your students’ attention. Make sure the programs are at the correct grade level. Decide if you want the computer program to supplement your lesson, practice basic skills, or assist in teaching a new concept and make sure it does just that. For Students: * Computer-assisted instruction provides differentiated lessons for varied levels of learning, including students with disabilities and gifted students. Students are able to work at their own pace while receiving instant feedback which enables them to self correct before moving on to the next skill. If a student answers incorrectly, the computer programs will provide instructions to assist the student in correcting their work. The programs are interactive and students can work individually or in groups. This allows them to compete with their individual scores or the scores of the students within their group. Students also gain valuable computer skills which will continue to benefit them throughout life. * Students can use digital painting programs to manipulate photos or create icons for classroom charts. Word processing programs can generate crossword puzzles or word searches, and primary school students can create graphs using mathematical data. Using the Internet, primary school students can access photographs of great art, listen to important recordings, research topics for reports and communicate via email * Elementary school students learn how to use a computer for research, as well as what websites should be trusted for accurate information. Lists of educational sites are often printed out for student use at home, and aid further exploration of interesting subject matter. For Teachers: * Teachers are better able to track their students’ strengths and weaknesses through computer-assisted learning. Computer programs can enhance the lessons and allow teachers to pick different levels of a program or different programs altogether for students who may be behind or students who are advanced. When students are learning and actively involved with learning, teachers will have less behavior problems in the classroom which in turn sets up a cycle for more learning to take place. Computer-assisted learning benefits teachers by allowing them to work with small groups of children on a particular skill while the other students in the class are working on their computer program. The nature of the program allows the students to work independently; minimizing distraction to the teacher while she works with the other students. * Primary school teachers can expand lesson plans by incorporating digital resources using computers. Disadvantages Students can become bored and restless if computer programs are overused. Computer programs can evaluate students’ progress on many levels although it is the teacher’s responsibility to make sure students develop critical thinking skills which are essential to solve problems encountered throughout life. Too much time spent learning through computer programs can also reduce time students spend interacting with each other and their teacher. This can result in less time for learning appropriate social skills. Computer-assisted learning can be a great asset to the classroom and curriculum as long as they are not overused. Too much of any mode of teaching can lead to boredom and frustration in the students. Use good judgment and find computer programs that enhance the learning process. B. Local Literature Technology’s Impact on Education Computers and the Internet technology have revolutionized the field of education. The importance of technology in schools cannot be ignored. In fact, with the onset of computers in education, it has become easier for the teachers to render knowledge and for the students to grasp it. Computer technology is used to add a fun-element to education. And it goes without saying that the Internet has endowed education with interactivity. The process of learning in the classroom has significantly become richer as students have access to new and different types of information, can manipulate it on the computer through graphic displays or controlled experiments in ways never before possible, and can communicate their results and conclusions in a variety of media to their teacher, students in the next classroom, or students around the world. The success of technology in the classroom generate impressive results for students, including improved achievement; higher test scores; improved student attitude, enthusiasm, and engagement; richer classroom content; and improved student retention and job placement rates. This is brought about by software that can be used to render information to the students in an interactive manner. The visual effects provided by the animation and presentation software result in inviting greater interest from the students. Tablet Used for Educating Young. MANILA, Philippines — La Salle Green Hills and electronics and digital media leader Samsung Electronics Philippines Corporation (SEPCO), take learning to a higher level as they tied up for the school’s eTextbook/Personal Learning Device (PEARL) project, a pioneering program designed to make use of the â€Å"digital word† as the new vernacular in the classroom. Now in its pilot phase, the project utilizes the latest tablet PC technology from Samsung as â€Å"a Personal Learning Device distinctly driven by digitized curriculum materials. †

To what extent can some problems in Middle Eastern politics be blamed Essay

To what extent can some problems in Middle Eastern politics be blamed on colonial or imperial intervention - Essay Example he colonial and imperial powers.2 This essay therefore seeks to assess to what extent the currently witnessed problems in the Middle East can be traced to the colonial periods. It takes into account that despite that fact that colonial rule in the Middle East ended many years ago, the tendrils of its legacy evokes the currently domestic problems in those states.3 This paper unearths the political institutions, systems and governing policies instituted by the colonial and imperial powers as a way of assessing the root causes of the modern problems in the colonized states in the Middle East. Baxter and Akbarzadeh noted that the so called â€Å"Middle East† was largely a westernized invention, right form its leaderships style to its forms of governance inclusive of the territorial boundaries.4 After the First World War, the colonial masters- Britain and France - drew arbitrary boundaries which later were developed to give birth to the current Middle Eastern countries. At first the colonizers-the British and the French barely noticed that their arbitrary created boundaries sliced through cultures and to a greater extend forced antagonistic tribes into one national bed.5 The created boundaries were intentioned for easy control of the colonized by the colonizers. The structure of the Middle East states, created by the colonial powers had a bigger share to blame for the turmoil political atmosphere in the region. This is because the British and the French organized their colonies to consist of disparate groups who had no previous history of being governed as one entity.6 A good example of such states created from disparate groups is the current Iraq which was formed as a product of merging three Ottoman provinces that had little factors in common. This lack of commonality created lines of political weaknesses in their merger as one entity. Put differently, the European and Soviet imperialist created perilous situations that in one way or another encouraged and flamed

Research fmea and hfmea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Research fmea and hfmea - Essay Example Thirdly, there is the graphic description process which involves the identification of potential failures as well as their causes and effects. Finally, there is a process of calculating the risk, which involves the calculating the severity, the detectability and probability scores. The Healthcare FMEA has been adopted specifically in healthcare for the purpose of analyzing the risks through the use of the detectability and criticality steps in such a way that it is presented as an algorithm (DeRosier, et al., 2002). In the adaptation of FMEA into healthcare, the calculation step is normally replaced by a hazard score that is indicated directly from a Hazard Matrix Table. HFMEA has five important steps which include defining the topic, assembling the team, graphically describing the process, conducting a hazard analysis, and finally, measuring actions and outcomes. HFMEA is an important process because it allows for the early detection of possible outcomes before medical procedures before they are undertaken. DeRosier, J., Stalhandske, E., Bagian, J.P., & Nudell, T (2002).  Using Health Care Failure Mode and Effect Analysis:  The VA National Center for Patient Safetys Prospective Risk Analysis System. The Joint Commission Journal on Quality Improvement, 27(5): 248-267.

Financial data analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Financial data analysis - Essay Example A clear linear relationship is not evident, which could be an indicator that WHEATHD is a poor predictor of WHEATSF. Figure 1: the plot of WHEATSF against WHEATHD Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate Change Statistics R Square Change F Change df1 df2 Sig. F Change 1 .421a .177 .174 27.2183 .177 53.344 1 248 .000 Table1: Model regression summary Table 1 above presents a summary of the regression summary. From this, adjusted R squared is 0.17, a figure that is very small indicating that the model is not very good in predicting the dependent variable as it is highly subject to chance rather than statistical relationship between the two variables. However, the p-value is less than 0.01, an indicator that the model is statistically significant, or rather we have enough evidence to assert that WHEATHD has some predictive power on WHEATSF. Coefficientsa Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig. B Std. Error Beta 1 (Constant) 500.582 24.519 2 0.416 .000 WHEATHD(P) -.443 .061 -.421 -7.304 .000 Table 2: a. Dependent Variable: WHEATSF(P) Coefficientsa Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig. B Std. Error Beta 1 (Constant) 532.035 17.694 30.069 .000 WHEATSF(P) -.400 .055 -.421 -7.304 .000 Table 3: a. ... itable statistical technique to use, but I surmounted this by examining the expected outcome to decide on the best method (Hyndman and Koehler, 2006). PART II In this part, 1- 250 sample values are used to forecast the subsequent 11 values. Using excel to forecast In using excel spreadsheets to do the forecast, we highlight the raw data and insert the scatter plot. Then, we insert the trend line in the scatter plot and subsequently format it to include the trend line equation. The trend line equation is then used to substitute the values of x for the 11 series periods that are sampled for prediction. The following table shows the values of x and the substituted values y. Y=532.03-0.4x x Y (Forecasted) Actual 308.5 408.63 443 311.5 407.43 446.5 314.5 406.23 450 313.5 406.63 447 319.5 404.23 451.5 324.5 402.23 451.5 324.5 402.23 451.5 333.5 398.63 461.25 337.5 397.03 465.75 324.5 402.23 460.75 327.5 401.03 462.5 Sum 4436.53 4991.25 Figure 2: Excel scatter plot with the equation fitted in. Using eview The raw data for the prices are input in the software and a forecast generated automatically. The output, which is shown in figure 3, comes with a table with forecast errors already computed. The table alongside shows statistical arithmetic that is associated with this particular model, including a number of methods for calculating the forecasting errors. Figure 3: Forecast for 251 - 261 Sample Figure 4: graph before model 1forecast Figure 5: graph after model 1 forecast Forecast errors Forecast errors are the estimations of the probability that the results of the forecast deviates from the actual values. Fore example, looking at figures 4 and 5 of the first forecast model, it is clear how the forecast values differ slightly from the actual values. A number of errors that

Tom's of Maine Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tom's of Maine - Research Paper Example Tom’s distribution strategy is selling its products thru health food stores and mass market outlets. Company’s products include toothpastes, mouthwash, deodorant, dental floss, shampoo, soap, shaving cream, and a line of herbal health aids and extracts. (Reference for Business). From a humble beginning of borrowed capital of $5,000, company has grown to be a top notched company earning millions of dollars annually. In 2006, the 84% controlling stake of the company was sold to Colgate-Palmolive on conditions that it will retain the culture of Tom’s Brand. Purpose of the sale is to concentrate in the manufacture of a new business from bees. In a general scope, customers look for support services ranging from correct use of product and making the product cost effective. Specifically, based on research and literatures reviewed, people want products that do well for themselves and products that do not harm the planet (Dougherty and Murthy 2009). Same authors said people need information; Buyers are interested on contents and labeling; Buyers are interested on quality of the product rather than speed of delivery and want loyalty programs. Interestingly, these results of survey could be related to what support services buyers from Toms, Inc want. In particular, buyers of Toms, Inc products want: safe and effective products. For instance, people were alarmed on the product safety scandal of Tom’s toothpaste disclosed by Guciardi, 2011, in a post in the Natural Health Society. Subsequent comments from users of this product proved loyalty to the brand, did not believe the allegations, and even researched to find out the truth. Discarding wastes is a growing problem in any community. To help in environment protection, company launched Tom’s of Maine Recycle Program wherein empty plastic bottles of shampoo of any brand, and other plastic products including

Minimum Legal Drinking Age Debate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Minimum Legal Drinking Age Debate - Essay Example They are therefore at a higher risk of harming or even killing themselves and other people by engaging in drinking before age 21. In this paper, I will be arguing that MLDA21 has been effective and therefore should be maintained. Minimum Legal Drinking Age is a controversial topic in the United States. The MLDA in the United States is set at the age of 21 whereas 90 percent of the countries around the world have set lower MLDAs. Interestingly young adults in the countries that have lower MLDA seem to consume alcohol in a more proper way while binge drinking and alcohol poisoning continue to present as serious issues in America. This phenomenon has raised a growing public concern with groups like Choose Responsibility beginning to call for lowering of the MLDA to 18. On the counter argument is Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) who proposed the MLDA 21 in 1984 back with the federal government’s support. The original purpose of setting MLDA at the age 21 was to curb the rise drunk driving presented which was a serious issue at the time. There are more hidden benefits of this law that have been realized along the way of its implementation. MLDA 21 has been effective in preventing not only drunk driving but also reducing the spread of drug use to lower age groups and thus lowering the MLDA may cause spillover effects through the introduction of alcohol-related issues to younger populations. In July 2008, more than one hundred university and college presidents signed the Amethyst Initiative, calling for public debates and reconsideration of the Minimum Legal Drinking Age. As a voice of those who demand to lower the MLDA continued to get louder and louder, Jeffrey A. Miron, a senior lecturer of Harvard University, wrote an article on Forbes discussing the background factors.  

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

English - Essay Example Generally, when a writer produces a work, it comes in market in its original form and then it is presented to any other entity with its right and license to translate it to other languages to get it a place on international level. Such translations get feedback comprising of appreciations and loopholes both by the people having command on both original and translated languages which helps later to consider the drawbacks and produce better translations in future (Kovac, M., and Wischenbart, R., 2012). Translation of books into English language was not always appreciated as in Australia many authors did not like the Australian stories translated into English with so many changes in the text and wanted the youth to read original version of the stories (Nick Earls, ABC Premium News, 15 July 2009 i Allington, D., 2012). African writers also prefer to write in their own language and want Africa to be the centre of their literature. By doing this they do not aim to refuse the English stream rather they only wish to see things from African perspective. Ngugi is of the view that the Oral Tradition is important but it cannot replace the Modern African Literature. To remain loyal to the literature is to stick to the history and assimilate and embrace the traditional thoughts and so not losing the roots (Ngugi, 1986, p. 94-5). In the clip we observe South African writers’ reasons behind choosing language as a medium of their writing. Hambidge prefers to write in Afrikaans as it is connected to her identity. Moreover, she can express her thoughts and emotions in her own language in the best possible way. Magona and Ndebele see Afrikaans as the language of oppressed nation. Ndebele opts English for her writings as it is a language of opportunity and fame for its being international language Magona, though, prefers to write in English but she feels that she cannot write like Jane Austen and it involves both conscious and unconscious factors which shape thought language (U214, DVD 3, Clip 20.1, ‘Choosing to write in English’). While translating a language into English, problems may arise at lexical level. There may not be an alternative word available and a set of words express the meanings so it lengthen the sentence. For example in Russian language there is no separate word for ‘cloud’ rather there are words for different kinds of clouds so it makes the translator to interpret the kind of clouds relying on the context and present a different expression from the original sentence. This does not mean that Russian language is richer than English and provide finer details regarding vocabulary. In some other cases, Russian language has no separate word for ‘arm’ or ‘hand’ rather there is a single word ‘ruka’, so every time the translator encounters this word, he faces difficulty in interpreting that whether the writer is talking about ‘arm’ or ‘hand’. These pro blems are solved by using other words such as ‘fist’, ‘palm’ or ‘from shoulder to fist or wrist’ but it results in comparatively longer sentence. So, such lexical gaps between languages make it difficult to create a perfect translation (Cook, G., 2012). Cook observes the difficulties that become a challenge while translating other languages into English. Referring to the translation of the Chinese film ‘

College Geometry - neutral geometry and Euclidean geometry Essay

College Geometry - neutral geometry and Euclidean geometry - Essay Example It is also termed as neutral geometry because it is neutral in reference to parallel postulate. Other geometries related to hyperbolic geometry, neutral geometry, ordered geometry, among others (Ball, 2008). Differences between neutral geometry and Euclidean geometry Euclidean geometry tends to be axiomatic system; in this case, all is theorems in other terms â€Å"true statements† of derivatives of smaller axioms. In reference to the book by the name Elements, Euclid illustrates five axioms (postulates) as far as plane geometry is concerned. The followi9ng is some of the postulations: 1) The first line should be drawn from any point 2) A finite line should be produced and it should be straight and continuous 3) Right angles are equal 4) A circle is described in reference to the center and its radius 5) In parallel lines, it a straight line meets other two straight lines, and makes an interior angle of which both are less than 900, the two lines can meet if extended on those s ides that they make angles less than right angles (the difference between lines in Euclidean and those of spherical are illustrated in spherical geometry). On the other hand, absolute geometry is more the same as ordered geometry. ... If the intersection points forms interior angles of less than 90, they form the basis for both hyperbolic and spherical geometry. They are both under non-Euclidean geometry where they are attained through the parallel postulates in Euclid. In addition, the postulate can be still be defined that â€Å"in every line 1 and each external point q, there exist unique lines through q that are parallel to 1.† this gives a basis for spherical constructions (Ball 2008). Spherical geometry This is a plane geometry that is on a sphere’s surface; its basic elements are lines and points but are defined in a different way. They are defined in such a way that the shortest distance between any two points runs along the same two points. The sum the angles in this triangle is more than 1800 but small triangles of the same kind are slightly larger than 1800; an ideal example being those in football fields. This is because the base length is not a perfect straight line. See a practical exam ple below. The diagram illustrates the structure of a spherical triangle It lines are also continuous and ends up forming a circle. Lines that run around the geometry making the longest distance are known as â€Å"Great Circles.† Below is an illustration of spherical geometry. The diagram above illustrates how lines are different from those in Euclidean and thus forming Great Circles. The sum of the angles in any triangle is 180 degrees In reference to Euclidean geometry, the parallel postulate when extended makes a three sided diagram that is interior angles sum up to 1800. This is because the subsequent angles are reflections of the points of origin (Eves, 1990). (a) (c) (b) From the diagram above, we can prove that the exterior angle at

Compare and contrast shopping online with shopping in actual shops Essay Example for Free

Compare and contrast shopping online with shopping in actual shops Essay ?Compare and contrast shopping online with shopping in actual shops In current society, shopping has been a big part of peoples’ lives and it is becoming more and more popular. However, nowadays, science technology is more developed and more modern than before. Therefore, a lot of people are choosing online shopping. Between conventional shopping and online shopping, there are some advantages and disadvantages. Some people think shopping on the internet is suitable for the main reason that it is convenient. For example, if you are the businessman, you will be busier than others. So, you do not have enough time to go shopping. But online shopping can help them to save time and let them get their needs and wants. Secondly, when you want to go shopping, the weather is often quite bad. Other advantage of online shopping is you can stay at home and look for many different products on the internet. Finally, people need not go shopping in shopping malls or stores. This can reduce the number of cars on the road, whilst it also protects our environment to reduce air pollution from gas. Moreover, people will not be worried about the problem of a parking space. On the other side, online shopping has some disadvantages. On the one hand, people can buy some fake products which will waste their money. On the other hand, some bad quality products can potentially damage people’s health such as food or medicine. Others give their different ideas, they prefer conventional shopping. In the first place, we can directly contact products easily which can avoid buying some useless and wrong items. In the second place, we can meet different people and make friends when you purchase a product. Conventional shopping is good for people’s social life. Finally, we can bargain with people in stores and can get some cheaper and better items. But we can not ignore that conventional shopping has some disadvantages. The first reason, sometimes, you choose favourite shoes, but the store does not have your size. And then, you use the internet to go shopping, you can find the same one and it is suitable. The other reason, it is a waste of your time and money. Because you not only need to pay for the store, but also product taxes, car fares or buying bus tickets. In my opinion, online shopping is suitable for me. Because I am a student, it can save time and I also have more choice to cater for my needs. The most important aspect is the price which is usually cheaper than conventional shopping.

Audible Clicking Sound in Psychogenic Palatal Tremor

Audible Clicking Sound in Psychogenic Palatal Tremor Abstract Palatal tremor, commonly called palatal myoclonus, is a rare movement disorder characterized by rhythmic contractions of the soft palate and associated with variable objective tinnitus. It may be categorized as symptomatic, essential or psychogenic. Mostly it is symptomatic because of secondary damage in brainstem or cerebellum; rarely it can be essential in the absence of brain lesions. We describe a case of young boy, who presented with palatal tremor with objective tinnitus. Most of the movement disorders may raise suspicion of psychogenic nature and vice-versa, however, this case highlights the need of careful history and keen observation of movements. Key Words: Palatal tremor; Palatal myoclonus; Psychogenic disorder; Objective tinnitus Introduction Palatal tremor is also known as palatal myoclonus. The term palatal tremor is appropriate because it correlates better with the neurophysiological study. It is a rare movement disorder characterized by rhythmic contractions of soft palate and associated with variable audible clicking sound. It may be classified into essential, symptomatic or psychogenic type. Mostly palatal tremor is symptomatic because of secondary damage in brainstem or cerebellum. Rarely, it is categorized as essential in which no brain abnormality is identified. There have also been reports of psychogenic palatal tremor in association with other neuropsychiatric illnesses [1]. Case Presentation An 18-year-old boy born out of non-consanguineous marriage with normal birth and developmental milestone, presented with loud audible clicking sound and abnormal palatal movement for six months. These movements used to worsen during stress and improve with sleep. He had no abnormal behaviour, mood disorders, seizures or abnormal limb movement. There was no history of similar illness or psychiatric disorder in family members. The oropharyngeal examination showed abnormal high frequency (approximately 100 Hz) palatal movement on both sides [Video]. There was associated rhythmic contraction of soft palate, tensor veli palatini and levator veli palatini muscles. These movements were associated with loud audible clicking sound (tinnitus). During examination, suggestion (inducing by thinking of it) and distraction (mind diversion by concentrating on motor and cognitive functions like performing complex movements, reading, thinking or calculations) methods were used to demonstrate voluntary control of these movements. The patient was asked to voluntarily suppress and induce these movements. Surprisingly, he was able to suppress and induce these movements. Cumulative examination findings (suggestibility, distractibility, worsening during stress, suppression during sleep) demonstrated voluntary control of palatal movement. Rest of the findings including general physical, otolaryngological and neurological examinations were unremarkable. Complete blood count, serum biochemistry including transaminases, lactate and pyruvate, ammonia, ceruloplasmin and copper levels, plasma amino acids, thyroid function tests and antinuclear antibody (ANA) were normal. Slit lamp examination did not show K-F (Kayser–Fleischer) ring. Audiometry and electroencephalography (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain with thin cuts focusing on brainstem [Figure 1] and MR angiography were normal. The patient was uncooperative for electromyography (EMG) study. Psychiatric opinion including detailed psychological analysis was obtained. Finally, a diagnosis of psychogenic palatal myoclonus was made. He was counselled along with placebo therapy. He was asymptomatic at discharge. After six months followup, he is symptoms free. Discussion Palatal tremor, also known as palatal myoclonus, is an abnormal movement of the soft palate. The term â€Å"palatal tremor† is more appropriate because it corresponds better with the electromyographic (EMG) characteristics of the rhythmic movements. It may be classified into essential, symptomatic (secondary) or psychogenic. Deuschl et al described that the movement of the soft palate is due to contraction of tensor veli palatini muscle in essential palatal tremor and contraction of levator veli palatini muscle in secondary palatal tremor [2, 3]. The contraction of these muscles result in closure of eustachian tubes and produce audible clicking sound. Essential type of palatal tremor mostly occur in children. The patients with essential palatal tremor usually have an audible ear clicking sound (objective tinnitus). Although essential palatal tremor has a benign course and usually disappears spontaneously, it is very annoying for the patient as well as to the bystander due to continuous audible clicking sound. The brain is normal in essential palatal tremor. It is usually bilateral and disappears during sleep. The etiopathology of essential palatal tremor is not known. Fernandez-Alvarez classified essential palatal tremor under transient primary movement disorders of childhood [4]. The symptomatic or secondary palatal tremor is mostly seen in adult males. It is usually associated with hypertrophy of the inferior olives; however, its precise role in causing palatal tremor has not been established [5]. It can be a consequence of trauma, infections, encephalitis [6], degenerative lesions, vascular, Krabbe’s disease [7] or tumors of the cerebellum [8] or brainstem. Usually, there is no associated audible tinnitus and movements persist during sleep. It is usually unilateral and associated with neurological deficits. Many movement disorders raise suspicion of psychogenic nature and vice-versa; palatal tremor can also be a part of psychogenic spectrum. Few cases of psychogenic palatal tremor have been described in the literature [9, 10]. The closest differential diagnosis is essential palatal tremor, which may have audible clicking sound, disappear during sleep and have normal neuroimaging studies. Voluntary inhibition of palatal tremor is also possible in some cases of essential palatal tremor [11]. Psychogenic palatal tremor often have various psychiatric symptoms (anxiety disorders). These movements are characterized by variable frequency, increased during stress and attention, suppression when distracted; disappear during sleep, marked improvement with placebo and psychotherapy. During examination, suggestion (inducing by thinking of it) and distraction (mind diversion by concentrating on cognitive and motor functions like thinking, reading, calculations or performing complex movements) method s can be used on patients to demonstrate voluntary control of these movements. Our patient had acquired special motor skills to both induce and suppress voluntarily rather than inhibition of involuntary movements. These showed complete voluntary control of movements and suggested a psychogenic etiology. The underlying psychiatric illness is a conversion disorder in most of the cases described in literature. The possibility of essential palatal tremor is ruled out by detailed clinical, psychological and laboratory examination. Our patient improved abruptly on suggestion, placebo and psychotherapy. Psychogenic palatal tremor is a treatable disorder. A detailed psychoanalysis should be an essential part of management [12]. The patient should be managed with a combination of psychotherapy, anxiolytics and antipsychotic drugs. The psychogenic palatal tremor usually responds well to placebo and psychotherapy. Conclusion Palatal tremor is attributed to organic lesion of the brain; however, occasionally it may be due to psychogenic etiology. In our patient, movements were intermittent; used to worsen during attention, suppress during distraction and voluntary control on suggestion. All these features suggest psychogenic palatal tremor. Here we emphasize the detailed clinical and psychogenic evaluation of the patient and need for psychiatric treatment in these cases. Figure and Video Legends Figure 1. Magnetic resonance imaging of brain with contrast showed normal study. T1-weighted (a), T2-weighted (b), Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) (c) and T1-contrast (d). Video Clip. The oropharyngeal examination showed high frequency (approximately 100 Hz) palatal movement on both sides. There is associated rhythmic contraction of soft palate, tensor veli palatini and levator veli palatini muscles. These movements are associated with loud audible clicking sound (tinnitus). During examination, suggestion by thinking of it and distractions in form of mind diversion by concentrating on motor and cognitive functions like performing complex movements, reading, thinking or calculations were used to demonstrate voluntary control of these movements. He was able to suppress and induce these movements voluntarily. References 1. Richardson SP, Mari S, Matsuhashi M, Hallett M. Psychogenic palatal tremor. Mov Disord.2006;21(2):274–276. 2. Deuschl G, Toro C, Valls-Solà © J, Zeffiro T, Zee DS, Hallett M. Symptomatic and essential palatal tremor. Clinical, physiological and MRI analysis. Brain. 1994;117(Pt 4):775–788. 3. Deuschl G, Mischke G, Schenck E, Schulte-Mà ¶nting J, Là ¼cking CH. Symptomatic and essential rhythmic palatal myoclonus. Brain. 1990;113(Pt 6):1645–1672. 4. Fernà ¡ndez-Alvarez E. Movement disorders in children: Recent advances in management. Indian J Pediatr. 2009;76(5):531–536. 5. Lapresle J. Rhythmic palatal myoclonus and the dentato-olivary pathway. J Neurol.1979;220(4):223–230. 6. Baram TZ, Parke JT, Mahoney DH. Palatal myoclonus in a child: Herald of acute encephalitis.Neurology. 1986;36(2):302–303. 7. Yamanouchi H, Kasai H, Sakuragawa N, Kurokawa T. Palatal myoclonus in Krabbe disease. Brain Dev. 1991;13(5):355–358. 8. Deuschl G, Jost S, Schumacher M. Symptomatic palatal tremor is associated with signs of cerebellar dysfunction. J Neurol. 1996;243(7):553–556. 9. Schwingenschuh P, Pont-Sunyer C, Surtees R, Edwards MJ, Bhatia KP. Psychogenic movement disorders in children: A report of 15 cases and a review of the literature. Mov Disord.2008;23(13):1882–1888. 10. Richardson SP, Mari S, Matsuhashi M, Hallett M. Psychogenic palatal tremor. Mov Disord.2006;21(2):274–276. 11. Samuel M, Kleiner-Fisman G, Lang AE. Voluntary control and a wider clinical spectrum of essential palatal tremor. Mov Disord. 2004;19(6):717–719. 12. Campistol-Plana J, Majundar A, Fernandez-Alvarez E. Palatal tremor in childhood: Clinical and therapeutic considerations. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2006;48(12):982–984. 1

Sitting on your Hands as an Alternative to Money :: essays papers

Sitting on your Hands as an Alternative to Money The old adage money can’t buy happiness apparently was never learned in the small town of Dilley, Oregon. Jonathan Hawes is a convicted sex offender who was released into society after serving a five-year prison sentence. Upon his release from prison he planned to move into his mother Wendy Brewton’s house in Dilley, Oregon. Under Megan’s Law, police are required to notify neighbors when a convicted sex offender is classified as predatory. Before Hawes was classified, Ms. Brewton’s daughter alerted neighbors of Hawes’ imminent arrival. This upset the small community of 300 to 400 people. Suddenly, neighbors began researching the use of deadly force and the effect of watchdogs. The town called a meeting to discuss the situation with Ms. Brewton. The meeting became quite heated and at one point a resident threatened Hawes life. The meeting left it clear to Ms. Brewton that Hawes was not wanted in her house, which was located a mere 200 feet from a school bus stop. To resolve the conflict, at least three families pooled their money together and paid $250,000 to buy Ms. Brewton’s house. The families arrived at the dollar amount by taking the average of two state-approved appraisals on the twenty-seven acre land and house. The neighbors put $50,000 down and took out a mortgage on the remainder to insure that a convicted sex offender is not among them. Bilateral Problem: When analyzed from an economic perspective, it is clear that the problem of what to do to prevent Hawes from moving in is reciprocal. According to Coase, the traditional question would be if Hawes inflicts harm on the residents of Dilley how should Hawes be restrained. The real question is who should be allowed to harm whom to avoid the more serious harm. To analyze which harm is greater, both sides must be taken into account. The neighbors are attempting to avoid the potential harm to their neighborhood. With Hawes arrival, they are on heightened alert for their children’s safety. This constant fear brings down the property values in the neighborhood because of its undesirable nature. Hawes is also harmed by not being able to move into familiar surroundings that he has a legal right to move into. In the end, the neighbors decided that the harm was great enough to warrant paying Ms.

Kerouac :: essays research papers

Martin, William  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2-14-97   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Charters, Ann. Kerouac: A Biography. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1959, 1994.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  419 pp. Jack Kerouac   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kerouac: A Biography, helps to explain how Jack Kerouac, the founder and most important member of the Beat movement, was influenced by the rapidly changing culture of the 1950’s, as well as, how Kerouac ignited a social and literal revolution in America, from which the Beatniks and Hippies emerged. All of Kerouac’s books drew public attention due to Kerouac’s originality and new style of writing. Kerouac’s originality and unique style of writing is also why, “Kerouac is best known as the key figure of the artistic and cultural phenomenon of the 1950’s known as the Beat movement'; (Stine 273). Kerouac: A Biography helps to explain why the statement above is true.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The book, Kerouac: A Biography, is very thorough and explains every aspect of Jack Kerouac: past, present, and future. Everything is very detailed throughout the book. According to Deck: “Ann Charter’s ‘Kerouac,’ taken as straight biography or as an evocation of perhaps one of the liveliest periods in American letters, is a pleasure. It is about men and ideas that changed everything. That’s reason is enough o read it'; (23). Deck’s statement is true, the book is a pleasure to read. Kerouac was born in Lowell, Massachusetts, on March 12, 1922. Kerouac went to school in New York City and afterward served in World War II. After the war Kerouac became a wanderer, traveling through the United States and Mexico. Kerouac’s wandering and experiences are what created the subject matter of his books. Even though Charters is friends with Kerouac, she is not biased. Charters explains both the positive and negative aspects of Jack Kerouac, such as Kerouac’s alcoholism. Charters also discusses all of Kerouac’s works and how they are actually personal stories of Kerouac’s life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The changing culture of the 1950’s is what inspired Kerouac to evolve into the creative genius that he became. In San Francisco, California, and Greenwich Village, New York, America’s culture was beginning to change during the 1950’s. Jazz, sex, and drugs were eminent throughout both of these cities. The bohemian culture, as well as, Eastern philosophy were also beginning to play a major role in people’s lives. People were beginning to open there minds to Eastern philosophy and trying to ignore the idealism of the unenlightened West. Other influences of Kerouac were such writers as Walt Whitman and Henry Miller.

Teaching Philosophy :: Education Educating Teacher Essays

Teaching Philosophy The most important impact I want to have on students is that they remember me as a teacher who cares about their education. I want to leave an impact on each child’s life. My motivation to teach comes from a desire to help others and see student’s excitements as they learn new concepts. I believe teaching is my way to make a positive difference for each of my students. My approach to teaching is based on the belief that my purpose at any school is to serve the students. I will focus on the long-term best interests of each student. Serving students begins with respecting them as an individual who can make worthwhile contributions to my learning and others’ learning. This type of respect also leads to taking a personal interest in my students so they know that I value them. Serving students goes beyond just teaching them the facts of economics of how to think and learn. It means challenging them to be successful and excel in anything they accomplish. A prerequisite for good teaching is a solid understanding and thorough knowledge of the subject area. As I want my students to respect me, I desire to earn their respect by having something valuable to teach them. I will use my knowledge of real life experiences in the subject area I will teach. To me the overall purpose of education is to get win the battle with getting the students to be motivated in doing their best in school. For the students to develop an interest in a subject to learn it well and the primary source of that interest comes from the enthusiasm of the teacher. I believe that my passion for teaching will allow me to motivate my students to learn any difficult material. I will model this attitude by learning from my students in the classroom, showing that they have things to teach me. To make the best use of my classroom time I as a teacher need to know what strategies to apply to promote good classroom management. The following are the methods I would apply to my classroom: . Using rewards and reinforcements . Understanding my student’s level of learning

Hong Kong Education Essay

The pre-school education voucher scheme was launched by the government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in September 2007. The scheme was meant to introduce reforms in education in efforts to promote good early childhood education as the foundation for a child’s lifelong learning (Education Department, 2000). Based on this scheme, every parent who has a child aged between 3 and 6 years should be given a voucher worth $13,000 every year (HKU Faculty of Education, 2008). Out of the $13,000, $10,000 can be used by the parents to pay tuition fees in the kindergartens. The remaining $ 3000 should then be used for the professional development of the teachers in pre-school institutions. The pre-school education voucher should be used under certain conditions. These conditions are, that the voucher should not be used for generating profit, pre-school institutions such as kindergartens must make sure their accounts are open for inspection, the school must attain the set Education Bureau benchmarks within 5 years based on the pre-school quality of education, and tuition fees need to be under $24,000 for half day and $42,000 for full day programs per student, per annum. Due to the restrictions that accompany the pre-school education voucher scheme in Hong Kong, stakeholders in the education sector have shown concern for the impact of the imposed restrictions. This has resulted to a debate that has involved the government and the stakeholders. Since its introduction in the 2007/2008 years, the voucher scheme has been very important for parents with children attending kindergartens. The scheme has provided parents with direct fee subsidy and this has eased their financial burden. It is estimated that a total of 820 kindergartens which represents 85 per cent of the total number of kindergartens in Hong Kong have joined the scheme. In addition, 117,000 pupils are enjoying the benefits from the pre-school education voucher scheme fee subsidy. Since 1997, pre-school institutions in Hong Kong experienced reforms that considered internal effectiveness in schools to be important (Vickers, 2003). According to the Hong Kong government, the implementation of the voucher scheme is an indication of its commitment and support to pre-school education. In addition, the schemes are a positive response to the demands that have been made by the kindergarten principals and teachers. This has become possible through the financial support that the schemes provide for the professional development of the teachers and the principals. It is very important to note that the primary objective of the pre-school education voucher scheme in Hong Kong is to provide parents with direct fee subsidy. It is estimated that over 80 percent of the total number of kindergarten teachers have managed to obtain the Certificate of Early Childhood Education(C (ECE)). Some teachers have enrolled in the courses or have managed to obtain qualifications equivalent to (C (ECE)). To evaluate whether the voucher scheme has been successful in achieving its objectives, the Education Bureau (EDB) in Hong Kong continues to conduct Quality Review studies. By May 2009, the Education Bureau is estimated to have conducted survey on more than 320 kindergartens. The government of Hong Kong acknowledges that pre school teachers experience pressure at work and they need to develop in their profession. The scheme is considered to be one of the ways through which the teachers’ professional development can be promoted. Impact of the Pre-school education voucher scheme on teacher’s professional development Teachers at pre-school institutions have shown their full commitment and dedication to education in Hong Kong . One of the ways through which the pre-school education voucher scheme has impacted positively on the teacher’s professional development is by trying to reduce the workload of the teachers and the principals. Since one of the primary objectives of the scheme is to promote professional development of the teachers, the Education Bureau has continued to enhance communication between the school administration, teachers and other stakeholders in the sector (Andrew, 2008). This has resulted to efficient and continuous implementation of programs that are aimed at improving the teachers’ professional development. The quality review mechanism that has been adopted by the Education Bureau ensures that school self evaluation is done to encourage continuous improvement in education and the teachers professional development. Teachers have been concerned about the pressure at work that results from the quality review done by the Education Bureau as well as the work load at school. However, the quality reviews that are supported due to the implementation of the pre-school education voucher scheme have promoted professional collaboration between teachers. Pre-school education in Hong Kong has for a long time been provided by the private sector and non-profit making institutions. This demands that all pre-school institutions such as kindergartens to be well placed in a manner that the market forces are used to determine the teachers’ salaries at discretion. The launch of the pre-school voucher schemes has increased financial resources for the kindergartens and schools’ management activities (Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, 2007). In addition, these resources have been used to finance efforts that aim at providing a working environment that attracts and retains qualified and well performing teachers. The financial resources injected by the voucher scheme have also been very vital in facilitating the payment of good salaries to the teachers. These benefits have acted as a motivation for the teachers to improve their skills and abilities hence their professional development (The Education Bureau, 2009). The Hong Kong government has reaffirmed its commitment in promoting high quality education at the pre-school level by encouraging schools or kindergartens to provide the teachers with qualification allowances. Research studies that have been conducted to determine the impact of pre-school voucher schemes in Hong Kong show that over 52 per cent of parents, principals and teachers agree that the scheme is a fair policy that promotes excellence in early childhood education. The teachers satisfaction with the scheme has been due to the opportunities the schemes have offered to them to improve their professional skills. Teachers consider the voucher scheme to have a positive influence on the schools and their staff. By improving the quality of education offered at the kindergarten, it has become necessary for teachers qualifications to be improved. This has played an important role in the teachers’ professional development. A large number of parents with children in pre-school institutions assert that the schemes have promoted the qualifications of the teachers as well as the improvement made on the school facilities. The schemes have encouraged teachers to pursue higher education or to undertake more education courses. At the pre-school level, extra curricular activities are very critical for children development and learning (Sweeting, 1990). Teachers compliment learning in class by extra curriculum activities. By participating in the coordination and implementation of extra curricular programs in school, the teachers’ ability to lead and teach is improved. The voucher scheme has increased financial resources to be spent for the extra curricular activities in school. By being involved in the activities, the teachers’ professional ability to use the activities in educating the children is improved. By September 2008, about 30% of teachers at the pre-school level had enrolled and attained good qualifications after enrolling for (C (ECE)) courses which are recommended and supported by the Education Bureau. The pre-school principals who are also teachers have had an opportunity to pursue higher education . For example, about 61 per cent or a large number of principals have been enrolled to undertake the Bachelor of Education in Early Childhood Education (B Ed (ECE). A program to certify the qualification of the principals were put into place in January 2008 . By March 2009, about 300 principals who served in the pre-schools had taken a certification course. For continuous professional development in the teachers, many kindergartens have adopted teacher development subsidy (TDC) to offer the teachers’ school based training programs. The pre-school education voucher scheme provides support services that are offered to develop language skills, cognitive abilities and physical development in children. Teachers gain from this by being engaged in creating a good learning environment, proper children learning, portfolio planning as well as curriculum planning and organization. Being engaged in these activities has been vital in improving the professional skills of the teachers when it comes to planning for good learning at school (Bray and Koo, 2005). The Hong Kong Education Bureau participates in promoting the teachers professional development under the voucher scheme by commissioning a professional training course for their principals. By improving the principals’ leadership and management skills, the teachers are able to get good guidance and effective leadership that relate to the teacher’s work (Ranson, 2003). The principal training course is characterized by an offshore programme and provides an on-spot consultative visit to the principal who participates in the course. About 130 principals are estimated to join the training programme. The principals have given positive feedback about the benefits of the programmes. To support the implementation of the pre-school curriculum revised guide, the Education Bureau organizes professional development programmes which relate to school based curriculum knowledge, leadership, curriculum management and pedagogical knowledge in various areas of learning. This effort has promoted the professional development of the teachers through capacity building. Transparency in pre-school institutions has been promoted by the requirements set by the Education Bureau when it comes to the management of the financial resources . The resources provided by the scheme promote the smooth running of the schools, good remuneration for the teachers and provide a good learning environment. These have gone a long way to increase accountability of the principals and the teachers and this has motivated teachers to embrace good values that are important in professional development. Some of the questions that have been raised about pre-school voucher schemes in Hong Kong is whether the schemes can minimize the overall work pressure on the teachers and improve the staff ratio. The pre –school education voucher schemes have promoted professional upgrading for both the principals and the teachers. For those who serve at PEVs-NPM-KGs, a teacher development subsidy is provided in each voucher. The subsidy is utilized for teacher training and development courses. Furthermore, the teachers and the principals who serve in non PEVs-NMP-KGs can claim a reimbursement from the Education Bureau to cater for up to 50 percent of the fees for a degree or diploma course that has been approved in early childhood education. By the year 2011/2012, all teachers serving at pre-school level are expected to have obtained a certificate in Early Childhood Education (LegCo panel on education, 2009). This together with the demand by the scheme that all kindergarten principals who are appointed from 2009 to have a BEd (ECE) have encouraged teachers to pursue higher education. In addition, the requirement for principals to have a one year post qualification experience and a certification course has encouraged principals and teachers to get engaged in professional development activities and programs. All kindergartens under the scheme have put into place measures that ensure there is continuous professional development by providing school based training programmes under the teacher development subsidy program. Areas of school work that are covered include children’s’ development, learning and teaching, management and organization, and children and school culture support. The quality reviews carried out by the Education Bureau assists the teachers to invest their energy and time in professional development as a way of promoting sustainable school improvement. For example, local non-profit making schools starting 2012-2013 will be able to redeem the education voucher if they are able to meet the prescribed standards of the Quality Review framework (Education Department, 2007). The requirements specified in the Education ordinance (Cap 279) ensures that teachers’ professional development can occur when they meet the set educational standards. The first batch pf 130 Quality Review planned visits began in the 2007-2008 school year (Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, 2008b) and an increase in ratio of graduate teachers in 2008/2009 has raised the professional standards and status of the teachers. The Quality Review Framework promotes transparency and accountability in schools which promotes a culture that is good for professional development of teachers. The Hong Kong government is committed and dedicated to the improvements made in education and the professional development of teachers. The development and implementation of the Pre-school Education Voucher Scheme in Hong Kong is one of the ways through which the government has managed to improve the quality of education and to promote professional development in teachers and principals. High quality education at the pre-school level can be attributed to the pre-school education voucher scheme, classroom inspection and quality reviews in schools. In conclusion, the pre-school education voucher scheme has been promoted through the 2007/08 school year Training Activity, Teacher Development plan for 2008/09 school year, Four-year Teacher Development plan and the professional upgrading of Kindergarten principals and teachers.

Hamburger and Perfect Party Food Essay

I hate when my stomach feels so empty. The growling and tightening of my insides drives me insane. The only thing on my mind at the time is food. Anything else doesn’t matter. My three favorite foods are chicken, burgers, and last pizza. You can’t go wrong with chicken. It goes with many sides such as corn, potatoes, or fries. Fried chicken is the best because it makes the skin so crisp and crunchy. If I had to choose out of my top three foods chicken would most likely be number one. Second choice that I have named is burgers. The best hamburgers are the ones that come straight off of the bar -b- que pit. Usually for summer we always have burgers because they are the easiest things to make and they also go well with birthdays or holidays. The lettuce, ketchup, mustard, tomatoes, etc. all make the hamburger so delicious. Last we have pizza. My favorite type of pizza is pepperoni because it is so good. If I have to choose any other toppings I would choose meat lovers because it’s all different types of meat on one pizza. They seem to be the perfect party food because I usually order them when I don’t feel like leaving the house or when my friends and I are having a small get together. What would we do without food? Having a nice full stomach makes you happy and it also gives you energy. Food will always be something that I will cherish in life, especially my favorite three that I mentioned earlier in my essay. Food is a very important thing and I have lots of other favorites.

Online Presence

Now that we have determined that moving into the online community is viable for us as a company, it is now time to continue the planning. We have discussed previously the strategic marketing tactics we will use and the way that we will use social media to ensure that we are ready to move forward. We will continue our planning and focus on the way that we will provide payment options for our customers. This will Include what tools they will use and how It will keep their information safe.We will also plan for ways to use search engines and how to gain optimization of their use. It will be vital to ensure that our name shows up in the result pages of the search engines. We will create a plan to reach the diverse culture that we live in, making our website accessible in a diverse consumer base. We will finish up by discussing our customer relationship management software that we will use on our website. Once these are finalized and decided on, we will be ready to move forward In the des ign phase of our website.This proposal will discuss and answer all of those questions and prepare us for design. AY . Customer Payments We are creating a website that will allow our customers to be able to accomplish al of the needed functions of obtaining a storage unit or REV parking without having to come on property. By doing this, we will need a payment option for our customers to be able to make payments for deposits or to make monthly payments. Our website Is designed to help our customers have the option of online payments to save them time and effort.Of course we will need an option for payment for our customers to use to order to be fully functional. We have looked at all of the options and have decided that the use if Papal would be the best option for us. We looked at having a shopping cart set up on the website to make payments. The majority of online stores work with a shopping cart and is very effective for their website that sells a larger variety products and servic es. The shopping cart allows the customers to store in their shopping cart those items they have want and to continue shopping for other things.Due to the limited number of items that we will be receiving payments for, an online shopping cart would not be necessary for us to achieve our goals. In making this choice on which payment options to use, we looked closely at ease f use for our customers and keeping their information safe and secure. Papal was chosen because of these considerations and ease of use for our customers. Papal will do all that we need it to do and is easy to use, free to set up, free for our customers. These features of Papal made it an ideal solution.Palsy's name and reputation was also a big consideration. A large amount of our customers have already used Papal, or at least will recognize the name. Having this knowledge of Papal will aide in helping them feel safe to use our online payment system. It will ink to our website and allow our customers to make paym ents without having to go to a different website to do this. The customers will click on that link, allow them to make the monthly payments or the one time deposit to hold their units.The Papal program also allows for the creation of invoices to allow for ease of use for our customers and also for the record keeping and bookkeeping needs. We can create invoices for them, send them out through email and then use Papal to accept their payments to that invoice. It will do all that we need to do in order for us to collect the needed payments. It will be great to have one tool that we can use to accomplish all of this. As far as the customers, the tools that they will use will simply be the website.It will connect them to Papal in order for them to make these payments. This will help us keep it simple for our customers. They will have the options to use their Papal account if they have one, or they can Just use their credit or debit card to make the payments. The will simply Just need to click on the buttons on the website. Papal also allows for the customers to set up reoccurring payments and not have to worry bout coming in each month to make payments. They can pay off of an invoice each month but is it not necessary.Some of the great things that Papal helps us accomplish and the main reasons for choosing this option are summarized below: Papal is the easiest way to set up e-commerce on our website There is no need for any licenses You can specify payment preferences working to keep us safe from fraud charges and have the best control over what kind of payments we accept There is easy encryption and the buttons are free No set up fees Ability to set up recurring payments Use of their invoicing system Ease of use for our customers AY: Search Engine Strategies: Search engine optimization is vital for the website and business.It is a very effective way for you to be able to create more business and more visits to your site. The goal of our website is to provide our customers an easy way of doing business Using search engine optimization will be the way that we will generate this new business. We are going to focus on the following to be able reach our search engine optimization and generate the most business from our website. Key Phrases: The first important strategy that we need to develop is that of our choice of key phrases. Key phrases are the most important and the very way that a customer will find us.As a customer puts key phrases into a search engine, that search engine will return those websites that are closest to those key phrases that have been put into the search engine. Search engines will return pages that have similar words and even account from some commonly misspelled words. This being said, we must be very careful in choosing the key phrases that will lead our customers to our page through these search engines. Eely, Tillie 2009) In working to find these key phrases we will use a free online tool designed to help discover ke ywords.This tool will do two things for us. It will search our website and suggest some key words and phrases for us and will also allow us to enter certain phrases we want and help us to create these key phrases. Once these have been created we can ensure that they are used in our content, which we will discuss later in the paper. We will be able to look at things such as similar words, commonly misspelled words, frequency of key words and how many other sites are targeting hose key words as well.With the nature of what our business is, we will focus on other local sites. Our competition is clearly only other local storage units in the area. Content that contains our keywords: Now that we will have our key words and phrases for the search engine we must make sure that our site contains these phrases. This will be our second strategy in optimizing the finality of our business. Content will be the most important part of our site and we need to ensure that our content contains our key phrases.This content is what provides the information for our customers. This information and content must be easy to read, follow and hold the customers interests. Other than that, it must send back the relevant signals to the search engine. The content is the key to ensure that our website is found in these searches. The key words and phrases are great, but if you do not find them in your content they are of no use. (Eely, Tillie 2009) In looking at the content of the site we need to play close attention to what types of pages we want to have.Placing the key words and phrases into these different pages will be vital to controlling where we place these key words in the site Even Hough the homepage is a very important page and must have a nice look and feel, the informational pages are where we will be placing most of the content and most of the key phrases. These pages will work to educate the consumers about our business and answer questions they may have such as prices and contr acts. Placing the key phrases are these pages will allow for a better search optimization.The use of these key phrases in the content of our social media sites will also be very important. In using these phrases there, our blob and Faceable page will also come up in the search engine results page. Design of the site: The next strategy that we will use to ensure the search optimization for our site is to take a close look at the actual design of the site. We want to have a site that is things but still work to use the design of the site as a way to optimize its search ability. In the design we need to pay close attention to things such as heading elements.The headings should include the key phrases due to the fact that the search engine spider uses these headlines to search the website for relevance. The headlines are also very important for our readers, it helps them to know where to go n the site to get the information they need. We also need to ensure that we look at the titles of our pages as well. The title of the pages is important for us to ensure a good search results ranking and allowing for click-through from the search engine results page. Whatever is contained in our title tags on each page, is what will show up on these search engine results page.We have to strategically choose the tile of these pages, not only for the search engines but also for ease of use for our customers and those who find our page. The more detail that we use in title, the better. It is vital that our key words appear in the first ten words of the title. (Stokes, 2013) Popularity and Linking: In our business, most of our competitor's websites will have the same content as ours. We have seen through our research that there are very little sites locally with as much content as we will have. It will still be important for us to stand out from among those other sites in the search results pages.One of the best ways to accomplish this is through the use of links, showing the popul arity of the site. When two sites have the same content, the search engine looks at the amount of links owing in from other sites to determine how it displays the results. The more incoming links that you have the higher your site will rank in the search engine results page. (Eely, Tillie, 2009) There are many different ways to have incoming links to your site. You can purchase them or you can use link exchanges with other relevant sites.We will be able to create some links to our sites to ensure popularity but doing some of the following: (Stokes, 2013) Commenting on relevant blobs, including the blob we will have and be linked too Submitting articles to other sites on packing and moving pips The use of social networking sites and links from pages Asking or answering questions on Yahoo Answers AY: Diverse Customer Base: When creating a website, one of the big factors that you need to consider is how you will make your site diverse in its approach so that you can reach out to all th ose members in your target audience.Reaching out to an international audience is a vital part of most websites who are selling products. Here at Pea's Rentals, all of the goods and services that we are selling are units and spaces that are fixed here locally and not something that someone can buy and have shipped to them. We will not have a large global presence in what we are selling and promoting. The majority of our customers are local and living in our immediate area. We may have some from out of state, or even out of the country, that are moving here that will need our services but the majority will be local people.That said, we do have a diverse culture that we need to cater to locally. In this discussion we will talk about ways that we can use our site to reach a diverse local group of people. We need to look at the business climate, the local culture and the infrastructure of our site to help us meet a diverse Due to the fact that we are a local company whose product and ser vices are local and really cannot be shipped or taken somewhere else, we are going to focus on how we can reach the diverse culture that we are in.It is vital that when we are planning the site that we ensure that we are reaching out to all of those that live among us. We will have several people that will be using the site to help plan their move to Utah and we need to ensure that we are able to relate our site to them as well. We will look at the content, language and overall culture of the site as we move try move award in our planning. Content is the most important thing that we will have on our website. It makes sense that if your content is bad then your website is bad.As we build the content of our site we must keep in mind not only our target audience but the diverseness of that audience. The content that we build on the site must be one that is simple and easy to use for all members of our target audience. We want to make sure that we are using words that are understood by the majority of people with varying degrees of education, learning and the English language. We must come across as knowledgeable and strong but with a content that is easy to follow and understand.One of the biggest mistakes that people make in our community in their content is assuming that everyone is a member of the Mormon Church. It has a very strong presence here yes, but assuming that and marketing to that is something that we have to be very careful about. Using words and phrases from their culture can be confusing and hard for others to understand. We cannot build our content around that specific local culture, we must build it around the world of meeting the storage needs of all the members of our community.Language is another consideration for us to take a close look at as we try to reach a diverse group of people. There is a very strong Hispanic culture here and we need to consider how we can cater to their needs on the site. We will have some PDF of our contracts and ot her information for our customers to look at and download from the site. These will be very helpful in the making the decision to use us for their storage needs. In order for us to reach this part of the community we will have these forms available for download in both English and Spanish.These downloads will notation a copy of the contracts, a price list of units and rules and regulations of the storage units. Having them in Spanish as well will help to ensure that our customers know and understand what is expected of them and what they can expect from us. It will also allow us to cater to them and make them aware that they are welcome here at Pea's Rentals. Utah is a very unique place and can be a bit overwhelming to new comers and even to those who may be outside of the Mormon culture that is so prevalent here.In doing our research we have seen that a lot of the sites here cater to that culture ND it can be a bit overwhelming. Even though it is a the dominate culture here in Utah County, we must be careful how we build the overall look and feel of the site to be open to all the different cultures and people who live here. We can accomplish this by ensuring that our content, pictures and wording is open to all cultures. This will be especially important for our customers who are coming in from out of state.We plan to use very neutral colors and landscape pictures on the site to give it the purpose, to sell units and make an easy site for our customers to use, it will help us o create a site that is open to all who want to use our services. AY: Customer Relationship Management: Customer relationship management is the key to all that we do. If we do not have our customers to rent our units or space we will not stay in business. They, of course, are our biggest stakeholders. It is vital that we do everything that we can to meet and even exceed their expectations.The internet has forever changed the way that people communicate with each other. It has also change d the way that we communicate with our customer and them with us. For most, it is easier to send an mail than it is to pick up the phone and call someone. Building a customer relationship management system into our site will be vital to ensure our continued growth and meeting expectations of our customers. (Stokes, 2013) We have previously discussed some of the tactics that we are going to use in marketing our product and service. These all fit right into our customer relationship management system.We have discussed the need to be a customer-centric company and use this marketing tactic to gain and keep our customers. Having a good customer relationship management program fits into this approach and helps s to maintain that vital tactic. It will allow our customers to share their thoughts, ask questions and make suggestions so that we know how they feel and what they need. Knowing this is the only way that we will be able to meet their needs and expectations. Some of our tactics and strategies that we have planned will fit in very nicely with our customer relationship management.We are planning to use email as our major way of communicating with our existing and our former customers. Privacy is very important to us and ensuring the privacy of our customers is of the most importance. We will only use email after permission has been given for us to do so. We are not going to sale emails or participate in buying emails. Even though this can be a great way to reach out to a large number of people at once, it can also lead to some negative marketing when potential customers become upset from your emails that we have not received permission to use.As we work to have and keep great relationships with our customers, we will have the chance to use them to spread our work and their experiences with others. They can be our biggest sales force. If we work hard to create a trusting relationship with them, they will feel better about commending us to their friends and famil y. Email is great but it can take some time for our customers to hear back from us. If they are looking for a quick answer to make a choice or have a question that they may need an answer to, we need a way to make that happen.This will be accomplished but the use of an instant messaging option on our website during business hours. This service will allow our customer and potential customers to reach us with their questions and have an instant answer. Our instant messaging system will be a customer initiated approach. If they want to talk to someone using this feature, we ill be there to talk and answer their questions. We will not use it to approach We have chosen to use the company again for our email and instant messaging needs. This software will allow for us to have our email and chat all in one place.We will receive email coming in from the website as well as the ability to chat live with our customers. The choice to use again was also made due to its ability to monitor our cus tomer satisfaction, trends and our social media efforts. With the help of this software we will be able to analyze where our customers are coming from and what resources are being used the most. We can see if email, social media, our newsletter and blobs are effective and how much business is generated by each of them. It will help us to put our efforts and resources into the most effective venue.On top of all of this is will give us the software to conduct our emails and chats and track and record them and where they were generated from. There is a cost of this software but it will more than pay for itself and has a high return on investment for us to be able to be most effective in our online approaches. There is an initial fee to by the product and then a monthly user's fee as well. The use of the software will be vital for us in accomplishing our goals or providing a website for our customer's needs as well as one that allows us to generate business.By the use of this software a nd the tactics and plans that we have we will be able to reach the people that we need to reach, be effective in our approach and add to our business using the right tools to get us to our goals. We are anticipating the return on investment for this software will be strong. It will more than pay for itself in the first six months of use. With all of this planning now in place for the development of our website, we are to ready to move forward and create the site.

The Effects of Technology on Modern Life

Television has truly changed the lives of most people in Britain. Nearly all British households have at least one colour television. The amount of time people spend each day watching TV is increasingly significantly every year. In the first three months of 2010 British viewers watched a record of more than four hours of TV a day on average. Some children have become addicted to watching TV and watch it all day when not in school. Referring to Passage B, children will have watched about 25,000 hours of TV by the age of 18. I believe parents need to be stricter with their children and get them involved with sports and clubs to prevent them from watching too much TV or playing games indoors. A lot of the programs on TV today including Big Brother, The only way is Essex, etc, are reality programmes that are meaningless to our everyday lives. People will do anything to get on TV nowadays! Technology is getting more advanced each day and has taken over our lives. From small fuzzy TV’s with few channels to plasma screen TV’s with hundreds, from writing letters to instantly texting someone on a touch screen phone. These are all amazing advances in technology and have changed people’s lives. Although as it says in Passage B, TV violence contributes to real violence and it influences people into bad language, sex and pain. The Internet has also changed many people lives. In Passage A, it mentions a new technology called VOIP – Voice Over Internet Protocol, so now people can phone there friends, wherever they are, for as long as you want, for absolutely free. I think this is good and bad because all though it is fast and doesn’t cost, people may then spend to much time on their phone, knowing there are no restrictions. There are also many social network sites where you can chat to friends instantly and share personal information. People as young as 10 have an account on these social network sites, which can be highly dangerous. There are pedophiles on these sites that can easily manipulate young kids. The sites try to stop these things from happening but with so many people online, it’s almost impossible to stop them all. Facebook is one of the biggest online social networking sites with over 850million users and over 3000 employees. It is one of the fastest ways to communicate with friends and share personal information. Facebook is the fastest growing social networking site and was created in 2004. You must be 13 or older to have an account on Facebook but there 7.5 million children under 13 with accounts and 5 million under 10, violating the site’s terms of service. Technology is a massive thing in our everyday lives and we use it for almost everything. People can accomplished so many things using technology and it helped companies become more known, millions of people can watch the same thing at once, but its not just TV and Internet. With new technology we can fly jumbo jets around the world, visiting 100’s of different countries each day. Technology has changed massively within the last 20 years, which is very good, but could also be very bad. We need to control how we use technology, especially watching TV and the internet, because it is wasting our lives when they are many things to do and things t accomplish. This is what we have come to.

Two Major Competing Brands under the Same Parent Corporation Essay

Two Major Competing Brands under the Same Parent Corporation - Essay Example This essay declares that Dove and Axe are the two competing brands under the same parent corporation, Unilever. Dove is Unilever’s personal care brand that offers products for both women and men and has business interests in more than 35 countries across the globe. At the same time, Axe is a brand that deals with male grooming products under the parent company Unilever. This discussion explores that while dealing with more than one competing brands, an organization might face several challenges. In contrast, Unilever has succeeded in its promotional tactics for Dove and Axe in the international market. Although the success could be attributed to several competitive advantages, as per the reports, globalization greatly contributed to the faster growth of Dove and Axe in the international market. Globalization refers to a process by which national economies and cultures are integrated into an international economy so as to enhance international trade, direct foreign investment, migration, and technology sharing. Both Dove and Axe get the opportunity to attain benefits from foreign markets since the offshore countries provide better business conditions such as cheap raw materials and labor, liberal government laws, and large number of potential customers. The company highly encourages fair competition so that brands like Dove and Axe vehemently dominat e the market in which they operate. The designed purpose and principles of the company state that it always works with integrity, which is also applicable to Dove and Axe (Personal care brands). Both the Dove and Axe brands practice the concept of market segmentation. It is obvious that both these brands target people between the age 18 and 24; and hence they focus their business to areas where youngster highly indulge. Since the two brands deal with almost similar products, they are forced to compete with each other in the same market segments. Kapferer (2008, p.403) opine, under such market conditions, both brands must avoid all references to the parent company when they operate under the same corporation because this practice would help to maximize the perceived difference between the two. As per the Unilever code of conduct, both Dove and Axe managements continuously try to

Personal review of the 6-hour TV series The Day the World Took Off Essay

Personal review of the 6-hour TV series The Day the World Took Off (2000) - Essay Example The commentators espouse all these routes, where it all began, the moments when the world took off. Through the perspective of the commentators, this six-hour series accounts for the provisions and the long-term history that led to the unending social, economic, political and intellectual developments, which have literally shaped the differential development of the modern world. First, the commentators in the series bring history to life for the general audience in their fascinating cross-examinations of laid down modernizations of former years. In their own capacity, the commentators have succinctly supplemented the long read philosophy in the books by helping make this bold step seems like yesterday’s thinking. It is a series, which create originality to the developers of today’s modernization, and helps make everything feasible. It helps to trace the path to our current global status in terms of industrialization and the spillover benefits we enjoy because of the for mer groundbreaking work (Diamond, Jared and James 102). There are plenty of bracing surprises in this series. The commentators raise the familiar odysseys to the growth of manufacture in Britain. According to their perspective, this was one of the areas that ascribe to the rationale behind the name, The Day the World took Off. However, it is the sprout of the extensive and exploring multi-purpose railway network that evokes truly new insights and the intricate details of the era. When the commentators repeatedly chant that this period was the ‘root’ of the revolution, they give the exact tone of the times. They bring the intensity of the involvement, the energy, and the fore-sightedness that the pioneers took time to mould. For example, when they pinpoint the extract from Liverpool Mercury, exposing how the then local M.P, William Huskisson becomes the first casualty of the revolution (Diamond, Jared and James

I haven't picked a topic as yet but I would like it to be something Thesis

I haven't picked a topic as yet but I would like it to be something about education in adulthood - Thesis Example The rationale for undertaking this research was the researchers expectations to make recommendations to the educational institutes about using different teaching styles and methods while teaching the adult learners. The current research was undertaken using an interview method where 5 teachers from pre-adult school and teaching children between the ages of 4-11 years, and another 5 teachers from an adult learning center who taught in higher educational institute years were selected. These respondents were selected on the basis of convenience sampling as both the institutes were easily approachable to the researcher. Further, the researcher himself had taught at the pre-adult school earlier and was currently teaching at the higher educational institute, and as such, it was easier for him to interact with the faculty and get their responses. The research findings revealed that the teachers were indeed making use of some different teaching methods. For example, teachers of adult learners made use of discussion and case study methods in addition to the lecture and question answer methods. In the case of children, the most reported method of teaching was lecture, question and answer, and periodical assessment. The research findings indicate that there is further scope for the teachers to make use of more teaching methods in order to facilitate better learning, For example, there are several methods like the case story method, the course portfolio method, interactive multi-media, critical thinking and demonstration and role playing methods, which have been reported to bring a better understanding of the subject material for the adult students. The research revealed that the teachers were aware of the different motivations and approaches of their adult and children learners and tried to modulate their teaching styles and behaviors in the