Reaction Paper: Jose Rizal Movie

While watching the movie, I have observed similarities and differences of some scenes from today’s youth. Let’s start discussing about the similarities. First thing I have observed is the harsh treatment given by the colonials to our fellowmen especially to women and children. They, if not physically, were verbally abused by the Spaniards. I compared it to what’s happening in our society today and quite noticed a similarity. It is similar in a way that women and children, even the men too, are still abused by foreign people and sometimes even our own people. They also treat them as slaves.Child labor – forcing minors to work – has been a big issue. Women slavery – treating women as slaves, sex slaves to be exact – has been an issue too. Nowadays, our people are still abused and these are oftentimes done by those who have the power like politicians and other well-illustrated persons. They think that with their wealth and position they h ave the right to hurt our fellowmen. Even a small mistake or a suspicion causes the people who have the power to physically abuse our fellowmen because for them that’s how they should be treated after what they have done.Next thing I have observed is the racial discrimination. As we have discussed in class, it is one of the evils during Rizal’s time. Filipinos who were flat-nosed and brown-skinned were labeled as â€Å"Indios† and the Spaniards being pale-complexioned were termed as â€Å"Bangus† or milkfish in English. The Filipinos who were called â€Å"Indios† had little privileges unlike the â€Å"Milkfish† people who had most of the privileges to themselves. The Spaniards look at them like they were as tiny as an ant and they were of no importance to them. Foreign people thought that they were superiors against the Filipinos.They criticize them based on how they look and they treat them rudely based on how rude their criticism on their looks is. There were different beliefs in anointing officials in where Spaniards have believed that Indios should not be allowed and do not deserve to be given a position in any fields because for them they do not make any contributions that would benefit our country. Fathers Gomez, Burgos and Zamora’s (GomBurZa) execution was an example of how Spaniards hated the fact that Indios are given a chance to serve the country.For Spaniards, they were the only one who should have all the rights and freedom to do whatever they like and no one should be against them for if there was they would be killed. Third thing I have observed in the film was the greediness of the Spaniards for power. They wanted to be anointed immediately to a position where they have more ability to control the Filipinos. And once they have the power to do things, they start to abuse it. The Spaniards had never been in favor of what the Filipinos like.Actually, they were in favor of what the Filipinos disliked. Once they hear our fellowmen reacting rudely at their deeds, they start to make their lives miserable to let them know that they are not to be messed with. Spaniards’ greed for power made them abuse their rights. They used their position to access more power which made the control more people. It is the same today. People still use their position to manipulate us. They are superior, they have the power, and they can do anything they like. So, what they do is they treat us rudely.For example, policemen nowadays use their position to hurt and get money from our fellowmen. They abuse their right to use materials which they should only use for defense. Another example is when a politician uses his position to manipulate people. They start to make people believe that their intentions are good but the truth is at the end of the day it is not. So what happens, people trust them because they appear so nice and tend to do what they’ve been told. Since they trust these politici ans, they will not question the things they’ve been told to do.Then later on, it will turn out that they were used by these politicians for their own gain and not for our fellowmen’s sake. A common example of this is when politicians promise a program to our people. They start trying to gain their trust. Once they have gained our fellowmen’s trust, they start to ask for favors like asking them to some deeds, some which are illegal, and ask them for money. Our fellowmen will willingly oblige to what they have been asked for believing that it would benefit them.But sometimes, they do what they have been told because they are forced by these men who have the power to do so. Fourth thing I have observed is the maladministration of justice e. In the movie, it was pretty obvious that the trial was just a scene so that our fellowmen would think that the Spaniards would still give Rizal a chance when in fact a decision has been made before the trial. The Spaniards were very firm about their decision which was to execute Rizal. There was no justice there because Rizal was not given a chance to explain and prove to everyone that he was innocent.The Spaniards looked like they were in the trial listening but actually they turned into deaf the moment Rizal started to explain himself. Comparing to today’s situation, people are not given the chance to explain their selves because the moment a case has been filed against you they automatically make a decision which usually is for you to lose the case. Nowadays, only those who can afford justice can have justice. People who have enough wealth pay the one assigned for their case to win it whether they deserve it or not.

The Visit (play) by Friedrich Dürrenmatt

The story opens with the town of Guellen (which literally means â€Å"excrement†) preparing for the arrival of famed millionairess Claire Zachanassian. The town is in a state of disrepair, and the residents are suffering considerable hardship and poverty. They hope that Claire, a native of the small town, will provide them with much-needed funds. Alfred Ill, the owner of Guellen's general store and the most popular man in town, was Claire's lover when they were young, and agrees with the Mayor that the task of convincing her to make a donation should fall to him.As the town gathers at the railway station to prepare for Claire's arrival, they are met with an unexpected surprise when Claire steps off of an earlier train. She is grand, grotesque, and fantastic, and is accompanied by two henchmen, her husband, a butler, and two eunuchs, along with a coffin, a caged black panther, and various pieces of luggage. She begins a flirtatious exchange with Ill, and they promptly revisit t heir old haunts: Petersen's Barn and Konrad's Village Wood. Ill finds her as delightful as ever, though they are both now in their sixties and significantly overweight. Claire draws Ill's attention to her prosthetic leg and artificial hand.After settling into the Golden Apostle Hotel, Claire joins the rest of the town, who have gathered outside for a homecoming celebration. A band plays, gymnasts perform, and the Mayor gives a speech. Claire takes the opportunity to announce that she will make a donation of one million dollars, half for the town and half to be shared among the families. The townspeople are overjoyed, but their happiness is dampened when Claire's Butler steps forward to reveal her condition. The Butler was once the Lord Chief Justice of Guellen, and had overseen the paternity suit that Claire had brought against Ill in 1910.In the suit, Ill had produced two false witnesses (who have since been transformed into Claire's eunuchs), and the court had ruled in his favor. Ill went on to marry Matilda, who owned the general store, and Claire moved to Hamburg and became a prostitute. She declares to the townspeople that she has come to Guellen to prove that justice can, indeed, be bought. Her donation is conditional on Ill's death. When the Mayor refuses, the town cheers in support, but Claire states rather ominously, â€Å"I'll wait.† Ill feels generally confident about his status in the town.However, as time passes, he begins to feel troubled about their growing discontent, and then increasingly fearful as he begins to notice the proliferation of new yellow  shoes on the feet of the townsmen, and the fact that everyone seems to be purchasing especially expensive items on credit. He goes to see the Policeman to demand that he arrest Claire for having threatened his life, but the Policeman tells him that the threat is nonsense. Ill then turns to the Mayor, who echoes similar sentiments. Both figures are armed, because Claire's black panther ha s escaped from his cage and is prowling about the town.This only feeds Ill's fear, since â€Å"my black panther† was Claire's pet name for him in their youth. He runs to see the Priest, but the Priest seems to be turning away from him as well, as he effectively ignores Ill's fears and instead draws attention to the magnificent new church bell. Slowly, the standard of living in the town rises, even though the townspeople continue to assure Ill that he is safe. Claire then receives the news that her black panther has been killed, and she has a funeral song played in its memory. In an effort to escape, Ill heads to the railway station, but finds that, strangely, the entire town is gathered there. They ask him where he is going, and he says that he is planning to move to Australia.They wish him well, again assuring him that he has nothing to fear in Guellen, but Ill grows increasingly nervous nonetheless. The train arrives, but he decides not to board, believing that someone will stop him anyway. Paralyzed, he collapses in the crowd, crying, â€Å"I'm lost!† After some time passes and Claire weds a new husband in the Guellen Cathedral, the Doctor and the Schoolmaster go to see her and explain that the townspeople have run up considerable debts since her arrival. The Schoolmaster appeals to her sense of humanity and begs her to abandon her desire for vengeance and help the town out of the goodness of her heart. She reveals to them that she already actually owns all of properties in the town, and that she is the reason the businesses have been shut down and caused stagnation and poverty for the citizens.The Doctor and the Schoolmaster are aghast at this revelation. In the meantime, Ill has been pacing the room above the general store, his terror growing as the townspeople buy more and more expensive products on credit. News reporters, having received word of Claire's imminent wedding, are everywhere, and they enter the store to get the scoop on Ill, ha ving heard that he was Claire's lover back in the day. The Schoolmaster, drunk, tries to inform the press about Claire's cruel proposal, but the townspeople stop him. Finally Ill descends the stairs, surprised at the hubbub, but  quiet. The reporters clear the room when they hear that Claire has just divorced the man she has just married, and has found a new lover.After the confusion has cleared, the Schoolmaster and Ill have an honest discussion. The Schoolmaster explains that he is certain that Ill will be killed, and admits that he will ultimately join the ranks of the murderers. Ill calmly states that he has accepted his guilt, and acknowledges that the town's suffering is his fault. The Schoolmaster leaves, and Ill is confronted by the Mayor, who asks whether Ill will accept the town's judgment at that evening's meeting. Ill says that he will. The Mayor then suggests that Ill make things easier on everyone and shoot himself, but Ill refuses, insisting that the town must go th rough the process of actually judging and then killing him.Ill goes for a ride in his son's newly-purchased car, accompanied by his wife, Matilda, and his daughter, both of whom are wearing new outfits. As they drive through Konrad's Village Wood, Ill says that he is going to go for a walk through the woods before heading to the town meeting. His family continues on to the movie theater. In the woods, Ill comes across Claire, who is walking with her newest husband. She asks her husband to leave so that she and Ill can speak privately. They reminisce about the past, and make plans for the future. Claire tells Ill that she plans to take his body away in the coffin to a mausoleum in Capri that overlooks the Mediterranean.She also tells Ill that she has never stopped loving him, but that over time her love has grown into something monstrous. The town meeting is flooded with press, and the town publicly announces their acceptance of Claire's donation. They then go through the formality o f a vote, which is unanimous, and the Mayor states that they have Ill to thank for their new-found wealth. The press is then ushered out of the auditorium to enjoy refreshments. The doors are locked, and the lights are dimmed. The Priest crosses Ill, and he is killed by the townsmen. Just as a reporter reappears in the auditorium, the Doctor announces that Ill has died from a heart attack.The reporters gather, and declare that Ill has died from joy. Claire examines the corpse, gives the Mayor his check, and leaves the town with Ill's body in the coffin that she brought with her when she arrived in Guellen. Claire boards the train at the railway station, and the visit comes to an end.

Profane Language in Music and MTVs Essay

We often hear from parents how difficult it is to raise children with good values. Although family plays a crucial role, environment still plays the dominant role in affecting a child’s attitude and perception. Included in this environment, and perhaps the most influential, is media. Specifically, as television becomes part of every home, people have become accustomed to watching television programs, and letting children watch on their own, without parental guidance. In this case, it is possible for children to learn from TV and imitate what they see and hear from it, thus making it more difficult for parents to identify sources and explanation for their children’s attitude. While it is the responsibility of parents to monitor their children’s behavior, media should likewise assume its role in censoring television shows that incorporate the use of profane or foul language.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is the government agency under the Congress in the United States responsible for regulating interstate and international communications by radio, television, wire, satellite and cable. As such, it is also responsible to ensure that laws regarding television program requirements are being applied. For instance, in 1990, Congress enacted the Children’s Television Act (CTA) in order to increase the amount of educational and informational programming available on television. This act requires each broadcast television station to serve the educational and informational needs of children through its programming activities. Moreover, it also limits the amount of time devoted to commercial matter during children’s programs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Given that such rules on children’s programming exist, we may cite instances when the FCC may have been too lax in its campaign to serve the educational and informational needs of children, or to censor television programs in general. For instance, we may cite the phenomenal hit that music videos have among teenagers and even children under the age of thirteen.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Two elements of profanity are embedded in music videos: first, the music itself, and second, the video used to interpret the music. In music, we see a direct misuse of the language while in videos, there is the indirect misuse of the language through gestures that convey violence, sex, and other taboo themes. Suffice to mention, we may include the video as part of non-verbal language.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The history of American music accounts for a number of songs being banned from radio stations or states due to their obscene, profane, or racist lyrics. Among the songs included Jethro Tull’s â€Å"Locomotive Breath† which was pulled off by record executives for its lyric that said, â€Å"and the all time winner has got him by the balls.† Another one is John Lennon’s song, â€Å"Woman is the Nigger of the World† which was banned by radio stations for its racist context. Then, there was also John Denver’s hit song â€Å"Rocky Mountain High,† which suggested drug abuse.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sometime in 1985, there were also moves to ban the MTV station from the local cable in Emporia, Virginia, and also in Hartford Connecticut for fear that it induced a â€Å"temporary state of insanity† (Bridgberg 1985) over patients in the Institute of Living Hospital. Hospital spokesperson Robert Fagan added that MTV is â€Å"too inciting† (Fagan 1985) and â€Å"can potentially cause hallucinations† (Mark 2003). Moreover, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Providence forbid playing of â€Å"Danny Boy† and other secular songs during funeral masses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although this history of banning songs and the MTV station aroused protests from music fans in general—those who believe that music should not be censored for it mirrors the souls of the artists—a lot of banning should still be done specially these days since many artists today are producing music with either direct or subliminal contexts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With the phenomenal hit of music videos and rap and hip hop music come music artists like Akon, T-Pain, Snoop Dogg, Eminem, etc. who impart subliminal messages resulting in profanity in their music. For instance, Akon’s song, I Wanna Love You which has another version that alters the word â€Å"love† with the f-word, simply presents obscenity that should be censored for young listeners and viewers of the video. Another example is T-Pain’s I’m in Love with a Stripper, which talks about one man’s feelings for a stripper. Sexual undertones such as   â€Å"Teddy bend her ass down is bout to see this sexy girl in my bed†¦Ã¢â‚¬  are included in the song.    In addition, there is also Snoop Dogg’s Drop it Like it’s Hot, which suggests violence and killing with a â€Å"hot† gun. Unlike other songs, however, which do not contain a good message, the song is in narrative form, ending with a message to gangsters regarding being caught and paying the price of killing, as suggested in the line, â€Å"You’re family’s crying, now you on the news.† Also another artist that uses profane language is Eminem. In most of his music, Eminem utters the word â€Å"fuck† a lot of times, and introduces violence, although just like Snoop Dogg in Drop it Like it’s Hot, Eminem generally imparts message regarding the consequences of violence and doing bad things.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It follows that when these songs appear as music videos, they feature sexy women in lingeries or bikinis, either dancing or lying in bed. As children listen to the songs on TV, they consciously and subconsciously absorb these languages and the images incorporated in the songs. This could be the reason why a lot of Americans are fond of using the f-word nowadays because we hear it almost everywhere, specially from media sources such as the television.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Even though the modern generation has learned to accept this kind of music and the present market promotes it, there should still be a limitation as to the amount of profane language contained in a song. Basically, it is the duty of the government to ban these songs to protect the innocence of children. However, every artist should also remember to bear the responsibility of incorporating good message into their songs instead of the negative themes mentioned such as sex and violence. The rampant use of these two themes should be limited to a certain degree if we want to pursue peace and maintain society’s decency.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Also, most often, the victims of artists who abuse their power to self-expression are women. In a lot of MTVs, women are portrayed as sex objects or sex interests of the artist. From this, we can judge that the purpose is truly devastating. Therefore, the Church, schools, feminists, and parents should work hand-in-hand and protest against the proliferation of this kind of music and MTVs before it corrupts the minds of our children. Works Cited Music Sponsorship in the U.S.A. John Mark Ministries. Last updated 13 December 2007. 17 December 2007 . Children’s Television Rules. Federal Communications Commission. 22 May 2003. 17 December 2007 . FCC Chairman Reed Hundt Encourages Parents and Activists to Watch, Critique, and Report on New Kids’ TV Shows. In FC News. Washington: Federal Communications Commission. 4 September 1997. 17 December 2007 .

History Of The World Trade Center Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

History Of The World Trade Center - Term Paper Example Architect of the WTC 3. Design of the WTC 4. Construction of the WTC 5. Location of the WTC 6. Technology used in the WTC 7. Main purpose of the WTC 8. The last day in the history of the WTC 1. Situation of New York City in the 1960s. The first plans for the building of a complex for international trade and finance were hatched in the aftermath of World War 2. The New York State Legislature gave permission for a â€Å"vast trade, commercial, hotel and convention facility that would complement the international center of finance that Wall Street had become† (Fernandez, 2012, pp. 5-6). The United States had intervened in Europe and the Far East to contribute substantial economic and military aid to its allies, and this was the last indication in a long list of developments, that the colonial days were over, and America was a strong and stable state, ready to take a lead in world affairs. The United States of America was starting to experience some economic boom years and this he lped to provide the funding for civic developments that had been missing in the years between the wars. Industrialization in America had happened extremely quickly and advances in science and technology were giving American products the edge in world markets. Added to this, there were still streams of well qualified immigrants ready to give the economy an extra boost. There was a property boom in the 1960s which favored large building projects, especially those which undertook to renovate brown field sites and create jobs. New York itself was very crowded, but there was ample opportunity in the former docks areas to tear down old stock and make way for progress. The early 1960s was a period of optimism in the United States, and this helped to foster a climate of enterprise and adventure. In the arts, iconoclastic forms were all the rage, and in architecture the rigid forms of modernism were giving way to more playful postmodern ideas. It was a time of change, and this was exactly th e right moment for a monumental vision like the World Trade Center to finally come to fruition. 2. Architect of the World Trade Center. The man who was chosen to as the main designer of the World Trade Center was architect Minoru Yamasaki. He was born in 1912 to immigrant Japanese parents in the Seattle area where he went to school at Garfield High School. His parents were not wealthy, and he had to work hard to achieve his ambition, studying maths and science and doing well enough to be accepted to study architecture. It is reported that he suffered from some anti-Japanese prejudice, and he even worked in an Alaskan salmon cannery to help fun his studies at Washington University (Flowers, p. 178) Yamasaki’s later career continued with designs in the Seattle area that include the Pacific Science Center, the IBM Building and the Rainier Bank Tower. (Olson, 2012). He also produced internationally renowned designs in other countries too, including Saudi Arabia and Japan. With re spect to his design of the World Trade Center, Yamasaki was conscious of the international dimensions of the building, and the role that the United States plays in the modern world. He is quoted as saying â€Å"World Trade means world peace. The World Trade Center should, because of its importance, become a representation of man’s belief in humanity, his need for individual dignity, his beliefs in the cooperation of men, and through cooperation, his ability to

Managing International Operations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Managing International Operations - Essay Example The Six Markets Model is beyond the basic marketing of a product/service. It, in a way, markets the entire organisation as well as the industry rather than marketing merely the product/service. The Six Markets Model aims at categorising the markets to manage the business relationships. Figure 1 briefly explains the categorisation of the markets. Managing relationship is the key ingredient of a successful business. The survival and growth of any business is mainly dependent on the relationship it maintains with its customers, employees, collaborators and competitors. The Six Markets Model, especially the customer market, internal market and recruitment market would make a huge impact on the internal candidates and the global customers as they would assist the organisation in analysing and improving its relationship with them. The customer service model adopted by the organisation determines the strength of the relation the organisation would have with its customers. A customer service model consisting of the following features would be necessary to bridge the gap between the services provided and the services expected by the customer: Getting into the shoe of the customer: The organisation w... Recruitment Markets Designing a method to appropriately select, motivate and train employees Supplier Markets Managing relationships with suppliers and distributors Influence Markets Managing influential sub-markets such as the government regulators, stockholders, venture capitalists and so on Referral Markets Organisation's ability to attract new customers on the basis of referrals given by existing customers (http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/resource/view.phpid=210431) Managing relationship is the key ingredient of a successful business. The survival and growth of any business is mainly dependent on the relationship it maintains with its customers, employees, collaborators and competitors. The Six Markets Model, especially the customer market, internal market and recruitment market would make a huge impact on the internal candidates and the global customers as they would assist the organisation in analysing and improving its relationship with them. Customer Service Model The customer service model adopted by the organisation determines the strength of the relation the organisation would have with its customers. A customer service model consisting of the following features would be necessary to bridge the gap between the services provided and the services expected by the customer: Research: A thorough research into the target market is a must to understand consumer expectation. Getting into the shoe of the customer: The organisation would not be successful in understanding customer's needs just through a survey. It needs to view the service through the eyes of the customers. Develop appropriate services: The services should be developed to fit the necessity as assessed

Yakuzas in Sonatine & Outrage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Yakuzas in Sonatine & Outrage - Essay Example *To understand Yakuza one need to understand aspects of Japanese culture. Japan still remains an eternal archetype of something opposite to European culture. Kitano’s movies show the distinguishing features of Japanese art of cinema which can hardly be compared with traditional Hollywood or European movie industry. But there is something that is pushed to the periphery in Europe, tucked away in a corner. This something openly exists in Japan and Hong Kong, but is not associated with the â€Å"mysterious East† among New Age fans. This is Yakuza. To understand Japan is to understand Yakuza. That is to understand violence.* Sonatine (1993) is the first movie by Kitano which brought him cult fame outside Japan. Sonatina is a mix of few movies in one – it’s an explosive mixture of a thriller, cop movie, comedy and melodrama. One of Kitano’s favorite ideas, borrowed from Kurosawa, a belief that even the most intense movie needs to give a viewer a moment to catch his breath, is brought to perfection here. Starting like a typical Yakuza film (big boss sends his subordinate Murakawa with a gang to Osaka, where a gang war begins), Sonatina changes its tempo in the middle and changes the genre: forced to wait for new orders on a tropical beach, yakuza, for forty minutes of screen time, live almost an idyllic life, cutting out figures from paper, arranging fireworks and folk dances. However, Murakawa’s (played by Kitano himself) fun is alarming: he digs hidden pits on the beach and has fun when his companions fall down; he forces his subordinates to play Russian roulette with a gun i n which no bullets. All these actions serve as a further indication of the plot development: pit is a metaphor of a trap that caught Murakawa and his men, set up by their own boss, and Russian roulette leads to Murakawa’s suicide (the movie poster shows Kitano with a gun near his

Managing Organizational Change - Project proposal Essay

Managing Organizational Change - Project proposal - Essay Example While going through literatures, I found impressing that ‘resistance is a resource, an opportunity and a power’ (Palmer, Dunford and Akin, 2009 and Ford and Ford, 2009) as resistance can help managers gain more ideas and feedback about the proposed changes. The course project paper will consider this as a personal model for specific change management and describe its theoretical perspectives and practical evidences based on relevant literatures. Exploratory research will be used in the paper to describe the change management concept of ‘resistance to change’ and to explore strategic initiatives to manage resistance, based on reviewing various relevant literatures in the field, taken from books and journals accessed from sources like EBSCO, Emerald etc. Apart from the course text book, journals will be used to review the literature that explores organizational resistance to change. Out of journal sources, the scholarly articles, Decoding Resistance to Change: Strong leaders can hear and learn from their critics by Ford and Ford (2009) and Navigating Organizational Change: Change Leaders, Employee Resistance and Work-based Identities by Dijk, R. V and Dick, R. V (2009) will be of greater use in the research paper as these sources have detailed much about managing resistance and approaching it as power and

Child Brides Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Child Brides - Essay Example Doll represents the child - dolls are often used as puppets or symbols. Children are very often manipulated like dolls by their parents at a still young age as they are too young to be able to understand what is really happening. The female characters in â€Å"A Dolls House† by the author and playwright Henrik Ibsen project the idea that women are merely self-sacrificing entities of society. A woman can only justify her existence on earth by dedicating herself to others. It is a reality in most societies, where child marriages are still practised, that women practically have no rights whatsoever and are held in a condescending or patronizing manner by the men. The husband in the play â€Å"A Dolls House† treated her wife as a mere object or plaything, that made his wife feel depressed and trapped in the marriage (Ibsen, 2009:50). This â€Å"burka dolls† idea came from my last video project and how women are manipulated. This doll represents Islam although I am looking for a symbol towards my work; however my intention is not against Islam. According to my peers and my audience, its seems this is against Islam because I have been looking at Sara Maples works (haram or forbidden painting) who is against Islam and shown holding a pig, in which it is considered a sin to hold a pig because it is a dirty animal and therefore forbidden to cradle or handle it.

Constructing Gender through Body Customization Essay - 1

Constructing Gender through Body Customization - Essay Example The same goes for me as I try to combine different styles of clothing along with different accessories. The way we dress portrays our self-identity and thus when we choose a dressing style we have control over the way we want to present our personality. Moreover, my dressing style has impact on my emotions. For instance, I prefer to wear light color clothes as they keep me calm while tight-fitting clothes make me uncomfortable and impatient. 1. It is a fact that the way a person dresses and adorns their body reflects the personal beliefs of that person. In society, the personality of a person is manifested in their dressing sense and it helps other people to characterize them by interpreting their behavior and attitude, and this becomes significant in the context of social gatherings. It has become a practice to stereotype people according to their dress like those who are well-dressed are considered as happy, optimistic, outgoing, and financially affluent (Sanders, 2009, p.1). When I reflect on my personal beliefs I realize that they get reflected in the way I dress. My casual attitude consists of leggings and cool t-shirts along with natural makeup that indicates my belief that everyone looks best with physical features with which they were born. Therefore I refrain from coloring my hair or having tattoos on my body. I also do not generally apply heavy makeup on my eyes with bright colors of eyeshadow as I believe that takes away the natural look of my facial features. A stranger will most probably consider me as a laid-back person with a casual sense of fashion. 2. The core beliefs and values of my family lay in their broad minded perspective of modern day fashion. The elder members of my family are aware of changing trends in fashion and they do not usually provide unsolicited advice to the younger generation. However, the young people of my family do not indulge in vulgar dressing styles and try to

Close Reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Close Reading - Essay Example I’m a Fool† may be claimed as a literary piece that thematically embodies the basic human nature which is governed by the love of real life rather than by the established standards of living. Through Anderson’s featured character who conveys his personal account of folly in a satirical manner of speech, â€Å"I’m a Fool† likely summons a critical reader to obtain a reverse comprehension of foolishness, or one that is understood in the light of the storyteller’s sense of fulfillment with his humble work. At the onset of the story, the narrator confesses times in the past when he felt that certain events made him feel like a fool as sitting in the grandstand and working as a swipe for one of two horses before he left hometown with Harry and Burt. Though a sad narrative voice is anticipated for the title of the story, the speaker seems to express no regrets on accepting his fate with the menial job despite the family’s opposition. He even appears to inject humor on mentioning ‘White Head’ and ‘nigger’ so that readers may observe perhaps a funny contrast in reference to Harry and Burt,

Environmental impact & modern methods of construction Essay

Environmental impact & modern methods of construction - Essay Example Project Overview The project is focused on erecting a GBP 12.5 million school building. The building will constructed by demolishing the old structures. The new infrastructure is located in a residential area which is the main concern of the project proponent. Aside from successfully raising the building, the Project Manager needs to devise strategies that will eliminate environmental hazards and other related problems. Project Participants The main proponent of the project is the government which serves as the main source of funds. The private contract shall be determined through public biddings. The private contractor is responsible for ensuring that necessary permits are obtained as well as systematic planning and execution are undertaken. The other players are the residents living adjacent to the proposed location which will likely be affected by the construction. Contractor Determination The Authority requires all interested parties to submit their initial bids which have to include contract terms, tender and construction programmes, general work details and proposed design. The Authority will establish a committee that will decide which of the bidders will move to the next phase. The second part of the process involves actual costing, detailed work scope and the comprehensive construction plan. The winning bidder will be decided based on a majority vote and is required to provide a final tender for approval. The committee established by the Authority also serves as the oversight team which will ensure that the Contractor provides high quality and sustainable work. 1.4. Pre-acquisition and Post-acquisition Survey The Contractor will be provided with the information on the site upon acquisition by the Authority. The Authority stipulates no warranties regarding the information on the property. Other surveys that need to be implemented include for asbestos, trees, arch aeological desktop assessment and geotechnical and environmental desktop assessment. The results from these surveys are not part of the contractual documentation. 1.5. Work Scope The scope involves the following aspects that needs to be considered to promote sustainable construction 1.5.1. Accessibility and Disability Discrimination The Department of Education has listed thirty eight statutory requirements for building schools in the UK. The Contractor has to include an Accessibility Plan which is an important necessity. The schools have to be designed to promote learning and facilitate the manner in which the students reach their classrooms. Another important statutory requirement is the disability equality policy. The Contractor must take into account the Disability Discrimination Act of 1995 as basis for designing the building. Classrooms and other amenities have to account for students that have physical impairments. 1.5.2. Workings Hours The hours involved in constructing the b uilding have to be in accordance with governing rules and regulations. The Project Manager stipulates the allowable time for work from Monday to Friday which is 8:00 AM to 17:00 PM and on Saturdays which is from 8:00 AM to 13:00 PM. The Project Mana

Telecommuting Case Study Essay Example for Free

Telecommuting Case Study Essay Telecommuting has been referred to as being the next big information technology (IT) trend. This trend aside from having financial benefits also reaps environmental benefits. The majority of people wanting or deciding to telecommute, wish to do so in order to avoid lengthy commutes by road, rail or otherwise. Telecommuting has the potential to provide significant transportation-related public benefits. (www.cnn.com) â€Å"Telecommuting is now practiced by approximately 2 million workers and could reach 7.5 to 15 million within a decade.† (http://ntl.bts.gov) These 2 million workers, now being removed form the highways, can substantially improve the congestion and air quality. Potential beneficial transportation impacts of telecommuting include reduction in highway congestion and associated lost time, reduced emission of pollutants, savings in energy and petroleum consumption, and fewer highway accidents. Computer and telecommunications advances in recent years, including computer networks and data systems, FAX machines, and electronic mail, have dramatically widened the choice of workplace for information workers and others so they can work wherever these tools are available, including at home. These technological enhancements have provided greater worker flexibility, empowerment of employees, and a reduction I of frustration from the irritation and time loss associated with commuting. â€Å"One result is that a substantial portion of the U.S. labor force, perhaps as much as 30 percent, now works at home at least part of the time.† (http://www.telecommute-now.org/telecommuting) Telecommuting does not necessarily mean that employees work at home. Satellite telework centers near or in residential areas, fully equipped with appropriate telecommunications equipment and services, can serve employees of single or multiple firms. These telework centers are usually developed based on geographical data rather than business functions. In many cases a shared facility provides a more practical and satisfactory location for telecommuting than the home, and a setting less threatening to traditional business management styles. Telecommuting is often practiced as little as one or two days each week, although it can be full-time. Telecommuters are primarily managers or professionals. However, telecommuting is highly popular to most information workers. Traffic congestion can have direct and indirect cost impacts on business activities. The direct costs of congestion that affect production costs include additional labor costs associated with longer trips made by employees during business hours, higher vehicle operating costs, and suboptimal vehicle use. â€Å"The trucking industry is both a contributor to and victim of traffic congestion. According to FHWA officials, the annual cost of truck delays on freeways is between $4.2 and $7.6 billion, based on vehicle operating costs and driver time charges. Time losses on urban streets, docking areas, etc. could range between $19.4 and $22.9 billion (excluding costs to industry such as lost sales opportunities in not having products available on time).† (U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). 2001. Traffic Congestion: Trends, Measures, and Effects.) Indirect costs of traffic congestion include increases in accidents and insurance premiums, reduced or loss of employee productivity, and increases in delivery costs. The removal of telecommuters vehicles from the highways will reduce overall congestion. All vehicles on those now less-congested roads will operate more efficiently, cleanly and safely, and the occupants will suffer less delay.

Types of Business Loan Business Loan Definitions

Types of Business Loan Business Loan Definitions In this research of this report am trying to find the different loan options that available to small and medium businesses from banks or other financial institutions. The research it will open the window on the different terms of loans i.e. short term, medium term and long term and it is up to the businesses to decide which is the most affective for the business. Also In this research will going to look at the loan types with details, the eligibility requirement and the application process for each with supporting information and documents will be provided for each loan. A loan can be defined as: An amount of money that is borrowed, often from a bank and it has to be paid back with an interest. (Press, 2017) There is two main forms in this research: The banks were visited and the online web researches. Bank of Ireland, AIB and Credit Union which were visited to collect some leaflet relating to the types of loan research. Online Web searches related to the subject within Republic of Ireland. Businesses loans are a sort of finance and are classified as a short term, Medium term, and long term. In this research will give some examples of uses for each loan type. Short term Money that is lent for a short time, usually less than one year. Short term loans assist businesses that their businesses is seasoned like retail businesses and businesses who like to build up inventory. Short terms are to raise working capital to cover temporary deficiencies in funds so you can meet your expenses. Medium Term A loan that must be paid back between two t ten years after the money is borrowed Term Loan usually designed to finance the purchase of fixed assets. It is also a method of paying for equipment in instalments. Long term A loan that is to be paid back over a period of time between three and ten years and sometimes for as long as twenty years. Term Long loan is usually for investments .Loan instalment and mortgage payments made with 12 month count as current liability and the outstanding debt or mortgage beyond 12 months is long-term liability.   Bank overdraft are a short term financial institution allowing businesses to issue cheques or make withdrawals on their current account, up to a specified amount. Interest is charged on daily basis on the amount of the overdraft used. Mostly, overdrafts are used by a business in managing its working Capital. Eligibility Flexible repayment Business loans tailored to your cash flow. Borrow up to 100.000 per annum. Application Process Applying could be online by completing an application form available. later will be a meeting from the bank with a loan-adviser to discuss your business requirement and if there Also you will required to with any other additional documentation in order to process your request. You can apply over the phone Business loans eligible for Business customers who are based in the Republic of Ireland and over 18s. This type of finance used to fund a wide range of moveable businesses and equipment, from machinery to transport vehicles. The bank buys the asset and leases it to the businesses by lease agreement that gives the business the use of assets for a time (3-5) years, in return for payment monthly to the bank. At the end of the lease by paying an annual rental to the bank, it can trade the asset in, or the asset may be bought outright. 2 types of business plan with the interest rate, Tax deductible and Vat reclaim. Offered by A I B. Eligibility Minimum advance à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬30.000 Maximum à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬150.000. Minimum term 10 years, Maximum term 15 years. Security required loan must secured by first charge on appropriate legal instrument. Loan Insurance is mandatory and is paid by member s. 6.50% current variable rate, Annual by 6.7%. Application Process Arrange a meeting with your at the department of loans manager. Complete the Application form in full. Gather any additional supporting documents or information that maybe required by the bank. And will be informed by the bank if any additional requirements wanted. Business loans eligible for Business customers who are based in the Republic of Ireland and over 18s. Although there are many types of loans available for businesses requirements and they are available and facilitated by the financial institutions. The conclusion is that businesses should be aware of what type of businesses is affordable depending on the capacity of business. Those financial institutions or the banks will be required to advance loans after center conditions set out in the agreement have been satisfied. Repayment of loans depends on sources that can generate cash during in a single operation cycle. Finally, the most important consideration, however the ability of the businesses to repay the amount of loans. References Allied Irish Bank PLC. (2017, January 20). Business.aib.ie. Retrieved from https://business.aib.ie/products/finance-and-loans/asset-finance Bank of Ireland. (2017, January 20). Buisness Loans Loans Bank of Ireland. Retrieved from https://businessbanking.bankofireland.com/credit/business-loans/small-business-loan/features-and-benefits/ Bank of Ireland. (2017, January 20). Small Business Loan Application Bank of Ireland Forms. Retrieved from https://form.bankofireland.com/small-business-loan-application/?facility=Loan Class Handout and Booklet. (n.d.). Douglas, A. (2003). Business Administration. Dublin: Gill Macmillian. Press, C. U. (2017, January 19). dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved from dictionary.cambridge.org: http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/loan

Developing the Literate Child

Developing the Literate Child Introduction ‘Early-years educators relate what is being taught to what children  already know. In order to extend each child’s learning they support  and guide children through each new stage of learning. They know  that the abilities and attitudes that young children develop in the  early years are an important part of a life-long journey during which  children will need to acquire all the language skills necessary to  interpret, manipulate, control and organize language for their own  present and future purposes.’ (Browne 1996, vii) The above quote neatly summarises the need to ensure that young children’s language development is fostered in the best possible way by educators. What children learn now can have a life-long impact upon how they interact with the world in future. It is the child’s teacher, who has the capacity to greatly influence how a child acquires and uses language, to assess what the child already knows, and to use this knowledge to foster and guide the child through, ‘each new stage of learning,’ (Browne 1996, vii). It was with this clear intention in mind, with which the following study was undertaken. The aim, to assess one child’s current speaking and listening, reading and writing skills, to analyse any observations carefully, and to use the information gathered as a basis for planning the child’s future learning needs. The child chosen, a female, was aged 5 years and 9 months at the time of the study and does not have any recognised special educati onal needs. She will, henceforth, be referred to as, ‘Child A,’ for the remainder of the report. Reading Analysis Listening to Child A read on a one-to-one basis was extremely informative. She is starting to use some expression in her voice, and is attempting to make the text sound more like natural language, however, she has little sense of phrase boundaries, and consequently, can often sound stilted. She regularly has to decode words on a word-by-word basis, but is not always successful in her attempts, meaning that the language does not flow. There were frequent extended pauses during the reading of each sentence. On a number of occasions Child A was unable to decode a word but had a limited number of alternative strategies available to her, in order to help her to continue reading. The miscue analyses showed that Child A’s average negative miscue rate was 8.06% for the books chosen from her particular reading ‘stage’. It is recommended that when matching a book to a reader the negative miscue rate should lie somewhere between 3% and 8%, with a miscue rate of 10% representing frustration level, (Moon et al. 1994, 116).This evidence may suggest that the text was too difficult for Child A, resulting in a negative effect on her confidence and interest. Graham and Kelly propound that, ‘Surprising insights into children’s reading can emerge in the one-to-one conversations which you have with them,’ (Graham and Kelly 1997, 115). I talked at length with Child A and we discussed her reading habits and attitudes towards books. It quickly became obvious that Child A loves books in many forms. She confided that she often imagines that she is the princess in the stories which are read to her. Child A likes to look at the pictures in books and tell her own stories from these, but feels unable to read the words alone. It became clear that Child A has access to many books at home, and Mum and Dad evidently read a lot. She delighted in recounting her first experience of visiting a library, which occurred recently, and she was given ample time to choose a book to take home. Child A proudly confided that she knew the book by heart as she had read it that often. It was evident that Child A, not only enjoys reading, but also see s herself as a good reader. Observation of Child A during several guided reading sessions with her class teacher, presented a different picture. Child A frequently became easily distracted, and failed to focus on the text which was in front of her. She appeared to be restless and anxious to move off onto different activities. Child A was confident when attempting to read a word she thought she knew, however, when she came across an unfamiliar word she would not attempt to read it. With prompting she would begin to ‘sound’ a word out, but often gave up before completing the word. Again, Child A seems over reliant on picture cues and was attempting to tell the story from the pictures. She remained unfocused throughout each guided reading session and while other children were turning the pages of their books, Child A sat with her book shut. She was unable to participate in the group discussion concerning the book and was unable to relate the main points of the story to the teacher when asked. Child A was also observed during shared whole-class reading sessions. While she did not openly volunteer answers to the questions asked, she did respond once the class teacher asked her a direct question. In consideration of the above evidence, and in conjunction with the level descriptors provided by the National Curriculum (www.nc.uk.net), it is possible to suggest that Child A is working at Level One in terms of her reading: ‘Pupils recognise familiar words in simple texts. They use their  knowledge of letters and sound-symbol relationships in order to  read words and to establish meaning when reading aloud. In these   activities they sometimes require support. They express their   response to poems, stories and non-fiction by identifying aspects   they like.’ (www.nc.uk.net) However, it is clear that Child A meets only part of this level descriptor, as she is not yet using her phonic knowledge to read words, and to use the words to comprehend the story. Implications for Teaching and Learning: Reading It is clear from the evidence given above that Child A is not a confident of fluent reader. She is working in the early stages of National Curriculum level 1, and will need specific support if she is to begin to work in the later stages of the level, and indeed to start to work towards National Curriculum level 2. The problems with Child A’s use of expression and lack of awareness of phrase boundaries, could perhaps be addressed by adults modelling the reading process. Graham and Kelly suggest that this is a viable way of first introducing a book to a child, before they are given the opportunity to read the book for themselves, (Graham and Kelly 1997, 105). This could give Child A the confidence she needs and will expose her to the way books should be read, using lots of expression. It will also aid her awareness of phrase boundaries, particularly if the adult traces the text with their finger as they read and makes exaggerated pauses when full stops or commas are encountered. Child A’s reluctance to join in group and class discussion about books could be a result of a lack of confidence in her own abilities, or perhaps she is unsure of how to respond correctly and does not want to ‘risk,’ getting it wrong. Again, one-one-one reading sessions could be an ideal way to address this problem. Graham and Kelly (1997) suggest that there should be a specific pattern to one-on-one reading sessions with young children, this pattern consists of five separate steps. ‘Warming up the text,’ allows children to look at the book chosen with an adult, handling it and making links with their own experiences, making them feel more comfortable before they begin reading (Graham and Kelly 1997, 105). ‘Reviewing the book,’ is also an important part of the confidence building process, and would allow Child A to give her opinion on the book without fear of failure, (Graham and Kelly 1997, 106). These strategies will hopefully help to b uild Child A’s self confidence and she should then eventually be able to give her opinions in shared and guided reading sessions. The miscue analyses also indicated that the books from Child A’s ‘shelf,’ were perhaps too difficult for her, resulting in boredom and frustration, this could also have been the case during the guided reading sessions. Child A should be given books from a ‘lower shelf,’ to read in order to build up her self confidence. In addition to this, being placed with children of a similar, or slightly lower, ability for guided reading sessions could also have a positive impact. Speaking and Listening Analysis During whole-class, teacher-led activities Child A did not speak unless she was asked a direct question by the class teacher. On such occasions, Child A would sometimes respond accurately, at other times she would not respond at all. When the children were asked to respond to questions by raising their hands, Child A would not put up her hand. During such teaching sessions, Child A was often observed to be very restless, although she was keen to sit right at the front. The children were regularly asked to work with ‘talking partners,’ during the direct teaching, it was observed that Child A never responded to her partner in such situations, simply refusing to speak. During independent activities, Child A was observed to ignore other children on her table. Often her peers attempted to draw her into their activity or conversation, however, she did not respond to them in anyway, and indeed seemed to ignore them. Child A was also observed during ‘free-play,’ situations. Generally Child A would remain on her self-chosen task and did not initiate conversation with her peers. The exception to this being conflict situations, where Child A was extremely vocal in expressing her unhappiness to another child. When surrounded by other children, Child A still did not join in with their chatter. During free-play Child A would occasionally respond to a direct question from an adult observer, but at other times would attempt to ignore them. Occasionally Child A would address a direct comment to an adult observer, in relation to her self-generated task, but did not then become engaged in conversation. Play-times seemed to present a different view of Child A, in terms of her speaking and listening ability. She was observed on several occasions playing, with another girl from her class, a variety of different clapping and singing games. The two girls demonstrated different games to each other, and were evidently listening and responding to each other. ‘Pupils talk about matters of immediate interest. They listen to others  and usually respond appropriately. They convey simple meanings to  a range of listeners, speaking audibly, and begin to extend their ideas  or accounts by providing some detail.’ (www.nc.uk.net) This level descriptor indicates that, although Child A only meets part of the criteria for National Curriculum level 1, she is working at the lower end of this level. The observations made in the playground show that Child A is able, when the opportunity presents itself, to, ‘talk about matters of immediate interest,’ (www.nc.uk.net). Implications for Teaching and Learning: Speaking and Listening The evidence collected suggests that although Child A is confident when speaking to her peers at playtimes, she is not comfortable during class or group situations on and often prefers to remain silent. It is important to develop her ability to, ‘listen to others,’ and to, ‘respond appropriately,’ if Child A is to work towards National Curriculum level 2 for speaking and listening (www.nc.uk.net ). One of the key learning objectives for speaking and listening for children in Year One is, ‘to ask and answer questions, make relevant contributions, offer suggestions and take turns,’ (DFES 2003a, 24). The document Speaking, Listening, Learning: working with children in Key Stages 1 and 2 (DFES 2003a), offers some good suggestions for teaching towards this learning objective, and recommends a great deal of paired work, and teacher modelling of how to ask and answer questions. If Child A was able to observe adults modelling paired work, or some of her peers engaged in discussion work, she may start to feel sufficiently confident enough to join in herself. An additional strategy to help Child A during paired work, might be to try her with a variety of different partners to see if she responds better to a certain child. ‘All areas of the curriculum offer distinct opportunities for developing children’s speaking and listening,’ (DFES 2003b, 11) and consequently it may be possible to engage Child B more fully in speaking and listening activities when linked to a subject she enjoys. The use of paired discussion, could be better suited to a science lesson, for example, rather than confining such discussions to English lessons. Writing Analysis Several conversations with Child A led to the conclusion that she does perceive herself as a good writer. She enjoys writing for a purpose, she explained that she regularly writes lists and stories at home, giving them to her parents to read. It is clear from examining the writing samples, that while Child A is confidently identifying the initial and final phonemes in words, and writing these down, she appears to be having more difficulty with medial phonemes, as many of these are missing from the words she has written down. For example in Appendix III, the writing clearly shows that Child A has attempted to write the word, ‘wonderful,’ however she has clearly identified the sounds at the beginning and ends of the word, but the middle sounds have not been clearly audible to her, resulting in the word, ‘wunful.’ The three samples of Child A’s writing which were examined (see Appendices I, II and III), indicate that she is making phonetically plausible attempts at words as the writing can be clearly read without the aid of the child in most places. Child A does show an awareness of how to use full stops, although these are not consistently in the correct places. She does not yet seem aware that it is necessary to leave a clear space in between her words, and only does so in a couple of places. The evidence listed above, in conjunction with the writing samples contained within Appendices I, II, and III, indicate that Child A is working at National Curriculum level 1: ‘Pupils’ writing communicates meaning through simple words and  phrases. In their reading or their writing, pupils begin to show  awareness of how full stops are used. Letters are usually clearly  shaped and correctly oriented. (www.nc.uk.net ) It is clear from the above level descriptor, that although Child A is working at National Curriculum level 1, she does not meet all of the listed criteria and, therefore, should not be assessed for level 2. Implications for Teaching and Learning: Writing The evidence given supports the suggestion that Child A is progressing through National Curriculum level 1 and into level 2. There are several things that could be done to support this transition. It could be said that her main development point is to improve her spelling and to start to recognise medial sounds in words. Child A also needs to start leaving finger spaces in between words and to start using full stops correctly. The publication, Progression in Phonics: materials for whole class teaching, (DFES 1999) provides lots of suggestions for improving Child A’s ability to hear medial sounds. For example, the game, ‘Croaker,’ develops the children’s ability to hear and identify phonemes in a specified part of the word, using a puppet, (DFES 1999, 26). Such a game could improve Child A’s ability to hear and identify medial phonemes with the aim of improving her spelling. Reid suggests that shared and modelled writing are effective ways of supporting young children’s writing development, (Reid in Bentley and Burman et al. 1999, 103-104). This could be a good way of improving Child A’s use of finger spaces and full stops. If the teacher models the correct use of full stops and finger spaces, and also makes lots of deliberate mistakes which the children can help to correct, Child A will begin to understand how to use full stops and finger spaces effectively in her own writing. Conclusion In conclusion, the evidence presented above indicates that Child A is working at National Curriculum level 1 for her reading, writing and speaking and listening skills. It has already been suggested that effective teachers use what children already know as a basis for developing their language skills and facilitating their progression. The evidence collected has been carefully analysed with this aim in mind, and areas for the development of Child A’s literacy skills have been identified. Adult modelling of the reading and writing process should play a key part in this development, if Child A is to make good progress towards National Curriculum level 2. Peer modelling could also play an important role, and could also help to foster Child A’s self confidence. It is important that all these suggestions are linked to other areas of the curriculum in order to engage and interest Child A, although this should also be of paramount importance when teaching all children. If all these suggestions are put into action, Child A should start to make sound progress and will, in addition, be playing an important part in this progression herself. Bibliography Browne, Ann (1996) Developing Language and Literacy 3-8. London: Paul Chapman Publishing Limited. DFES (1999) Progression In Phonics: Materials for Whole-Class Teaching (The National Literacy Strategy) London: Department for Education and Employment DFES (2003a) Speaking, Listening, Learning: working with children in Key Stages 1 and 2: Teaching objectives and classroom activities. London: Department for Education and Employment DFES (2003b) Speaking, Listening, Learning: working with children in Key Stages 1 and 2: Handbook. London: Department for Education and Employment Graham, Judith and Kelly, Alison (1997) Reading Under Control: Teaching Reading in the Primary School. London: David Fulton Publishers Ltd. Moon, Cliff and Bourne, Jill (1994) The Open University Resource Pack: Learning to Teach Reading. Milton Keynes: The Open University. Reid, Dee Writing at Key Stage 1 in Bentley, Diana, Burman, Christine, Chamberlin, Rosemary et al. The Really Practical Guide to Primary English ( 1999) London: Stanley Thorne Publishers Ltd. www.nc.uk.net

The Time is Night by Liudmila Petrushevskaya Essay -- essays research

The Time is Night is a short novel by Liudmila Petrushevskaya. It is one of the few stories that I enjoy reading over and over again. The reason is that each time I re-read it, I perceive it in a slightly different way. The complicity of characters and the style of the novel is what I would like to emphasize most about the novel, as well as the fact that The Time is Night represents an outstanding social awareness of the author. As an introduction, Liudmila Petrushevskaya writes that what readers are about to see is a diary that was sent to her by the daughter of the author of the diary after her mother's death. The notes that make up the diary are those of a woman, a poet, describing her living during the late 1980's, her children and her 4-year-old grandson Tima whom she calls Baby. The woman's name is Anna. It is very symbolic to her; when people ask her what her name is, she replies, "I am nearly a namesake of a famous poet. Guess, my name is Anna Andianovna." The poet she is a "namesake" of is Anna Andreevna Akhmatova, one of the most symbolic poets of the silver century of the Russian poetry. Anna carries this cross through her entire life. There are only two roles she has: a poet and a woman defending a child from misery and starvation. I assume she is not a really good poet, she never gets published and gets very little money but that is not the point. She says that she writes for herself, if she stops, she will die. This is very true. The two ma...

The Global Manager Essay -- Business Management Studies

The Global Manager The rapid growth of globalization has created a boundary less organization. To manage such an organization, there is a need for a global manager, one who manages across distances, countries and cultures. Considered by some authors to be a myth, wider research, readings and understanding suggest its existence. There are certain criteria which define a global manager, which are truly essential to successful manage in the international context. These managers are invaluable to the organization as they provide the competitive edge. However, there has been shortage of such global managers due to the recruitment of such managers only from the home country of the organization. This is created a limited pool of next generation managers. With the changing trend, organizations have been emphasizing on the recruitment of managers from home country and third nation country. Women, too, are being considered. The major challenge facing global organizations is attract and retain such global managers. In view of some authors, such as, Christopher A Barlett and Sumantra Ghoshal[1], â€Å"there is no such thing as a ‘universal’ global manager, rather there are 3 groups of specialists: business managers, country managers, and functional managers and there are top executives at corporate headquarters, who manage the complex interactions between the 3.† According to Yehuda Baruch[2], there is â€Å"no such thing as a global manager†, because â€Å"the examination of a wide possible characteristics indicates that there seems to be no distinct set of individual qualities that constitute such a manager.† With globalization becoming a basic economic reality, national boundaries have become insignificant. As a result,... ...ompeting in the global marketplace†, 3rd ed, McGraw-Hill/Irwin - Dessler, G. (2003), â€Å"Human Resource Management-CAPS†, 9th ed, Pearson Education, New Jersey - Ball, D. A., P. L. Frantz, J. M. Geringer, W. H. McCulloch, Jr., M. S. Minor (2004), â€Å"International Business: the challenge of global competition†, International ed, McGraw-Hill/Irwin, New York - Kramar, R., P. mcgraw, R. S. Schuler (1997), â€Å"Human Resource Management in Australia† 3rd ed, Longman, Australia - www.gwsae.org/executiveupdate/2002/September/success.htm - www.ccl.org/cgi-bin/print/printpage.pl --------------------------------------------------------------------- [1] Barlett, C.A., S. Goshal (2003), â€Å"What is a global manager†, Harvard Business Review, v 81, pg 101 [2] Baruch, Y. (2002), â€Å"No such thing as a global manager†, Business Horizons, v 45, pg 36

Engage in personal development in health, social care or children’s and young people’s setting Essay

My duties and responsibilities as a foster carer are many, i must have child A best interests at heart at all times, i provide a safe and stimulating environment for child A to develop to the best of her ability, to keep her safe from harm and abuse. I must make sure all her appointments e,g doctors dentist and language and speech are attended and up to date and recorded. That child A is taught about personal hygiene and why it is so important to do this daily , where ever she may be living. Be a positive role model for her, show her i am there for her to depend on and what i say i mean and do, help her with her school work giving positive praise for the smallest of tasks. To give her new experiences help her to develop her social skills, give her ways to show how she’s feeling, talk and listen to her about what’s going on, show her that her that she is important , that her views and feelings matter, keep her well informed of what’s happening on her behalf , doing all this and keeping confidentiality. For me to carry this out to the best of my ability i attend regular training for me to develop the skills i need , also attend meetings with appropriate people e,g social workers, key workers, guardians, teachers and any other professional that has an influence on child A’s life. I also attend a support group that has talks about different issues that may occur and a chance to talk to other foster carers and social workers about any concerns i may have in a confidential setting. I also keep records, daily logs which are kept locked away for confidential reasons, on how child A is doing, and her positive behaviour also any concerns I may have. I also take child A to contact on a few occasions during the week, having a positive relationship with the people child A sees is a positive experience for her. 1.2 This QCF is based on The National Occupational Standards that you are expected to meet in every unit. Explain the expectations about your own work role as expressed in relevant standards ie Code of Practice, National Minimum Standards, National Occupational Standards. Health and safety at work act 1974 all electrical equipment working correctly, all gas appliances safe to use, these are to be checked yearly by qualified people. No hazards that can cause slips trips or falls. That all hazardous substances are locked away. All outdoor areas are safe from harm. All vehicles that are used are road worthy. That household hygiene is paramount at all times. That pet are well behaved. That general safety is maintained at all times. Childrens act 2004 , every child matters :- 5 core outcomes, Be healthy:-promote physical, emotional, mental health. Stay safe :- keep them safe from maltreatment , neglect, violence and sexual exploitation , accidental injury and death, bullying and discrimination. Enjoy and achieve :- support leaning, attendance at school, stretching abilities. Make a positive contribution: – encourage making choices , being involved, promoting good behaviour. Achieve economic well-being :- encourage further education, better lifestyles. Care council for Wales, code of practise for social care workers :- As a foster carer i must protect the rights of child A promote her interests , gain her trust and build her confidence, promote her independence, but keeping her safe at all times. Respect her rights and choices as long as they cause no harm to herself or others. Be accountable for my work, take responsibility for my actions and maintain and improve child A’s knowledge and skills, do any relevant training for me to be able to carry out my role effectively. 2.1 Explain giving three reasons why reflective practice is important in continuously improving the quality of service provided I feel reflective practise is very important within my role as things change all the time, i have to be able to adapt to any given situation and deal with it at that time, by looking back at what you did, will help you to see if you could have dealt with the situation differently, if it occurs again or a similar situation. The environment, age and development, life experiences, training are all factors. Reflective practise helps to improve my quality of care, increases my confidence learning and through experiences, no-one is right all of the time. 2.3 Describe how your own values, belief systems and experiences may affect your working practise. As a adult i cannot remember being told â€Å"i love you† being hugged or any signs of affection being given, but i do know i was loved. I have brought into my family hugs whenever wanted or needed or just a hug for no reason, i tell my daughter and child A i love them every day, and i do. (if this is what the child wants). 4.1 Identify 3 sources of support available to you for planning and reviewing your own development. I receive support and encouragement from my QCF assessor, my key worker and the children i work with, within my role and family life.

What Is Software Defined Radio?

What is software program Defined wireless? With the exponential fruit in the ways and means by which people need to communicate info communications, voice communications, video communications, broadcast messaging, overtop and control communications, emergency response communications, etc. modifying radiocommunication devices easily and cost-effectively has become job critical. Software delimitate radio (SDR) technology brings the flexibility, cost efficiency and power to get hold of communications forward, with wide-reaching benefits realized by aid providers and product developers through to end users.Defination of SDR barely put Software Defined Radio is defined as Radio in which just about or all of the somatogenetic storey functions are software defined A radio is any manakin of device that wirelessly transmits or receives signals in the radio frequency (RF) part of the electromagnetic spectrum to drive the transfer of information. In todays world, radios ex ist in a multitude of items such as cell phones, computers, car door openers, vehicles, and televisions.SDR defines a collection of hardware and software technologies where some or all of the radios in operation(p) functions (also referred to as physical layer processing) are enforced through modifiable software or firmware operating on programmable processing technologies. Benefits of SDR For Radio Equipment Manufacturers and organization Integrators, SDR Enables 1. A family of radio products to be implemented using a common programme architecture, allowing new products to be more right away introduced into the market. 2. Software to be reused across radio products, reducing development cost dramatically. . Over-the-air or other remote reprogramming, allowing bug fixes to slide by while a radio is in service, thus reducing the time and costs associated with operation and maintenance. For End Users from business travelers to soldiers on the battlefield, SDR technology aims to 1. Reduce costs in providing end-users with access to ubiquitous wireless communications enabling them to communicate with whomever they need, whenever they need to and in whatever manner is appropriate. National demurrer University Of Malaysia SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO make up Hasseler anak Tumas Matriks no 2120339

Mis Chapter 7

Chapter 7 Tele communication theory, the cyberspace, and Wireless Technology1) Telephone ne dickensrks are fundamentally several(predicate) from electronic computer entanglements. adjudicate TRUE2) Increasingly, voice, video, and information communications are all found on earnings engineering. result TRUE3) To create a computer electronic network, you essential have at least two computers. settle TRUE4) An NOS must reside on a dedicated server computer in order to manage a network. resultant role rancid5) A hub is a networking device that connects network components and is use to filter and forward entropy to specified destinations on the network. Answer absurd6) In a customer/server network, a network server provides all connected client with an address so it so-and-so be found by others on the network. Answer TRUE7) Central large mainframe figuring has largely replaced client/server computing. Answer FALSE8) Circuit displacement makes much more in force(p) use of the communications capacity of a network than does packet switching. Answer FALSE9) A protocol is a standard set of rules and procedures for the view of communications in a network. Answer TRUE10) dickens computers victimisation transmission control protocol/IP chamberpot eliminate even if they are based on distinguishable hardware and software plat degrees. Answer TRUE11) In a ring topology, one station transmits signals, which journey in both directions along a exclusive transmission segment. Answer FALSE12) Coaxial cable is similar to that use for cable television and consists of thickly insulated copper wire. Answer TRUE13) Fiber-optic cable is more expensive and harder to constitute than wire media. Answer TRUE14) The result of cycles per second that toilet be sent by any telecommunications median(a) is measured in kilobytes. Answer FALSE15) The Domain reference System (DNS) converts IP addresses to domain names. Answer FALSE16) VoIP technology delivers video information in digital form using packet switching. Answer TRUE17) Web 3. 0 is a collaborative effort to add a layer of meaning to the existing Web in order to reduce the amount of human matter in searching for and processing Web information. Answer TRUE18) Wi-Fi enables users to freely roam from one hotspot to some other even if the conterminous hotspot is using distinguishable Wi-Fi network services. Answer FALSE19) WiMax has a receiving set plan of attack range of up to 31 miles. Answer TRUE20) RFID has been exceptionally popular from the technologys inception because of its low implementation costs. Answer FALSE21) The device that acts as a connection local anestheticize between computers and nates filter and forward data to a specified destination is called a(n)A) hub.B) switch.C) router.D) NIC.22) The Internet is based on which leash key technologies?A) TCP/IP, HTML, and HTTPB) TCP/IP, HTTP, and packet switchingC) client/server computing, packet switching, and t he instruction of communications standards for linking networks and computersD) client/server computing, packet switching, and HTTP23) The order of slicing digital messages into parcels, transmitting them along different communication paths, and reassembling them at their destinations is calledA) multiplexing.B) packet switching.C) packet routing.D) ATM.24) The band system is an example of a ________ network.A) peer-to-peerB) wirelessC) packet-switchedD) circuit-switched25) Which of the following is not a characteristic of packet switching?A) Packets travel independently of each other.B) Packets are routed done legion(predicate) different paths.C) Packet switching requires point-to-point circuits.D) Packets include data for checking transmission errors.26) In TCP/IP, IP is prudent forA) disassembling and reassembling of packets during transmission.B) establishing an Internet connection between two computers.C) touching packets over the network.D) sequencing the transfer of pa ckets.27) In a telecommunications network architecture, a protocol isA) a device that handles the switching of voice and data in a local range network.B) a standard set of rules and procedures for control of communications in a network.C) a communications service for microcomputer users.D) the main computer in a telecommunications network.28) What are the four layers of the TCP/IP reference model?A) physical, application, transport, and network interfaceB) physical, application, Internet, and network interfaceC) application, transport, Internet, and network interfaceD) application, hardware, Internet, and network interface29) Which signal character references are represented by a continuous waveform?A) laserB) opticalC) digitalD) linear30) To use the analog telephone system for sending digital data, you must also useA) a modem.B) a router.C) DSL.D) twisted wire.31) Which type of network is used to connect digital devices inside a half-mile or 500-meter radius?A) microwaveB) LANC) WAND) MAN32) Which of the following Internet connection types offers the greatest bandwidth?A) T3B) DSLC) cableD) T133) Which type of network would be most appropriate for a business that comprised three employees and a manager located in the akin office space, whose primary need is to share documents?A) wireless network in infrastructure modeB) domain-based LANC) peer-to-peer networkD) campus area network34) In a bus networkA) signals are broadcast to the next station.B) signals are broadcast in both directions to the correct network.C) multiple hubs are organized in a hierarchy.D) messages pass from computer to computer in a loop.35) All network components connect to a single hub in a ________ topology.A) starB) busC) domainD) peer-to-peer36) The most common Ethernet topology isA) bus.B) star.C) ring.D) mesh.37) A network that spans a city, and sometimes its major suburbs as well, is called aA) CAN.B) MAN.C) LAN.D) WAN.38) A network that covers broad geographical regions is m ost commonly referred to as a(n)A) local area network.B) intranet.C) peer-to-peer network.D) wide area network.39) ________ work by using radio waves to communicate with radio antennas placed at heart adjacent geographic areas.A) Cell phonesB) MicrowavesC) SatellitesD) WANs40) Bandwidth is theA) number of frequencies that can be broadcast through a medium.B) number of cycles per second that can be sent through a medium.C) difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that can be accommodated on a single channel.D) occur number of bytes that can be sent through a medium per second.

Apple: the Company’s Visions and Objectives Essay

orchard orchard orchard apple tree tree trees sightwas the macintosh that was c entirelyed digital hub that isa favourite stain of data central importantframe introduced in 1984, that features a graphical substance ab dropr larboard ( graphical substance ab utilizer interface) that utilizes windows, icons, and a b arrogateiness eye to suck up it comparatively weak for novices to recitation the data central processing unit harvest-tideionively. so iodinr than abrogateing a manifold desexualize of commands, that was provided(prenominal)(prenominal) if regard contingent to a alternative on a transportation and snarl a slip nonwithstanding(a)ton. More ein truthwhere, the graphical user interface is imbed into the operate dust. This content that whole masking that gush on a mackintosh reck atomic hail 53r throw a quasi(prenominal) user interface. once a user has bugger off k todayn with one application, he or she sufferside appr ise un utilise applications relatively easily. The mastery of the mac GUI annunciate a unfermented term of graphics-establish applications and direct(a) constitutions. The Windows interface copies numerous features from the mac.thither be galore(postnominal) a(prenominal) diverse macintosh ensamples, with alter degrees of hurry and index fleck. entirely models argon spotressable in some an separate(prenominal) variant configurations. incessantlyy models since 1994 ar pesd on the PowerPC microprocessor. They believed had a filling gain for con nerve centreers who were congruous fasten in a digital life musical mode. in any case, digital cameras, take aside medical particular(prenominal)ty reanimateers, and digital camcorders. That they though could be the preferent hub to break integrate, and add prise to the devices. as substantially as to consider of devil ironw be and softw ar mathematical product.orchard apple tree is hold out to delivery the scoop up(p) face-to-face computation convey to students, educators, fictive victors and consumers to a gravider extent or slight the dry land by dint of its modernistic hardw ar, softw atomic number 18 and mesh byeings. apples guardianshipWas to begin an lax-to use computing machine to mart, which guide assoil of the orchard apple tree II in 1978. excessively, orchard apple tree is connected to protect the rings, health and refuge of their employees, nodes and the global communities where they operate. They quarter twisting scientificly advanced products and service fleck conserving and enhancing recourses for afterlife generations. GoalsThe goal was to discern the mack amid desirous disceptation in the PC patience. And solid ground of affairs, or a convey of c all over activity, which an memorial tablet or formation wishes to pass or obtain. preyIs the plan, to contend and utilize subscribe throughs which m ust(prenominal) be taken to completion the spreadhead amongst the real realities and the high-minded convey? apple purports Macs, the surpass in-person computers in the military personnel, on with OS, PC importantframe, MP3 , iPhone 4, 4s , iPad, and professional softw atomic number 18. orchard apple tree head ups the digital form of medicine conversion with its iPods and iTunes online store. apple has reinvented the wide awake reverberate with its subversive iPhone and App Store, and has of late introduced iPad which is shaping the proximo of wandering media and figuring devices. conjunction politics confidence guessWas in 1981 when the IBM introduced the IBM PC to the grocery vex that used Microsofts delineate and a microprocessor (CPU), by that apple commit integrating and refused to permit its ironw ar to tertiary parties. just IBM gained to a greater extent trade al mete out and too emerged a virgin for the exertion to a greater exten t than orchard apple tree. That was when apple introduced the mack in 1984 that was palmy to use with industrial design and elegance, precisely the processor was un leave behinding in hie and that insufficiency of compatibility on barter, and apple give the sack income vaporize 62 % mingled with the geezerhood 1981 and 1984, and displace the orchard apple tree political party into a crisis. That contri thated with the melody sector was agonistic out in the 1985 forecast his called himself as a intellect of the companion.after that the council chamber chartered throne Sculley, who was accepted for his merchandise skills. He was in the friendship for 8 eld from 1985 to 1993, who pushed the mac in the bleak securities intentness where the apple was goaded by its beat out package, practically clock(prenominal) rogue Market, and fringy with laser printers. excessively in expatiatement apple grabbed to a greater extent than haft the securitie s industriousness place. With that orchard apple tree aged and aroused come up-nigh 8% in partake worldwide, and in 1990 apple cut-rate sale $1 billion clams in ex switch over and was cognized at the to a greater extent than or less meshingable PC confederacy in the world.Stewardship hypothesisIn the age of Sculley, the orchard apple tree fraternity offered to the guests a bettor offer by a perfect background knowledge dissolver ever that was admit computer computer ironw ar, software system system, and apparently literary hack and play. Also the caller-out invention erratic chips, magnetic disc drive, and monitors. He exhibit his touch on the caller-out success. And adjudge-to doe with in guests satis occurrenceion, apple was grocerying its products at a aid terms.This meter Macs had to a greater extent than(prenominal) than $10,000, and pure(a) profit c abide to an valueous 50%.Sarbanes OxleyThat was use in the geezerhood 2010 and 2011 when the apparent(a) wars attempted with contestr in the smartphone exertion, where all(prenominal)one executed everyone. Where nonional companies begindisappears or never gets start. orchard apple tree litigated once morest Android, HTC, and Samsung. Also apple retrogression in 1997 when origins reshape apple and inform that they would en receivable $ one hundred fifty meg in apple and touch quintette historic period expand cell nucleus products, desire MS piece for the mac. By satisfy easy up-nigh 99% of customers and again blood line refused to emancipation the modish mac. Also, the connection 15 product lines were split in scarcely four categories that were backdrop, portable maces, for customers and professionals. some otherwise(a) benefit that job did was to remove minute take in to prevarication mac products. at that placefore, in 1998 apple had a website compute sale for the rootage fourth dimension. corporation openingible state tidings of Steve Jobs conclusion displace shockwaves through the engineering industry, a world that he, in bountiful part, rationality with his tutorshiper. orchard apple trees executives are now left(p) with the challenge of how to lead a guild, whose identity element has been inextricably relate to Jobs for decades. The depute is formidable, specially when orchard apple trees fanatically incorruptible customer base is unattackable less plastered or so what to waitress from chief operating officer Tim mend. That is partly because apples culture of muteness and Jobs visibility confine unite to make pull in relatively unmapped to the semi habitual at pear-shaped. The incertitude is deepen by the situation that in the first place attempts to sup plant Jobs turn out disastrous.Until now, Jobs depends to be the nonwithstanding one to get hold of had that special chemistry postulate for zip apple.What makes hint orchard apple tree trying to concord is the fact that the guild is non inter qualifying a product as a lot as it is a view, the erupts vision. orchard apple tree products were head construct and pleasing to front at. fit in to unused media coverage, it would front that orchard apple tree is arouse in ontogenesis a bleak vision, one which let ins give the axe complaisant business. Jobs never showed more touch in prevalent do- replete(p)ing. He incessantly pull through that fit out the unrestricted with the best engineering is price more than hard currency grants to charities. precisely leave out a penny announced that orchard apple tree would boob a advanced incarnate unselfishness co-ordinated architectural plan, apply a model much benignantred those of other study companies a clam for dollar allude for employee grants of up to $10,000 a year. defecate clearly wants to distri excepte the c encipher that orchard apple tree is evolving in the sort it perceives corp companionable debt instrument, a major(ip)(ip)(ip) differentiating constituent between himself and his attractive predecessor. nonetheless, the finding strangely fol baseed media allegations regarding orchard apple trees want of mint societal responsibility activities, including a impudently York times name mentioning twinned as a resolve utilize by a bulky depute of the good deal volt hundred companies. apple slake ask to embrace the nitty-gritty set that make it a substitute companionship in short, that asserting an apple product determine companionable rank in a distri exclusivelye group. slice apple is perchance over over ascribable for a batch figure indebtedness system, the ratiocination to ordinate donation unified is unimp from each oneably non the apple Way. doctor is only responding to media wedge alternatively than manner of speaking to fraternity neighborly upright the analogous kind of so phisticated and excite vision for which apple is so extremely regarded. And in that regard, the merged matching program is a fail.Developing a fel petty(a)(a)ship loving righteousness dodging just virtually neither a sentiency of indebtedness nor weighing but kind of some certain come up delimit constitution deservingnesss is exceedingly effective. In particular, impartiality, empathy and set, among others, are searing during times of Uncertaintythey strike to be well interconnected and apply from the inside,out non the other modal value around. uprightness whatever major agreemental exchange is attach to by insecurity. The passing from Jobs accession to hiring and inflammation is saltation to bring out incertitude among employees, and in bodily purlieus incredulity unavoidably creates subtle maneuvering and warrant scene at optic charge levels. The recent confederacy mixer Responsibility initiatives should pose both the beau mon de and its filth- modernistic chief executive officer with a peculiar luck to win an mental take care of equity and to s incumbrance the virgin leading from that of the Jobs era. However, sympathy is non a good place to start. It should start from inside, promoting boldness and handness, the upcountry integrity.EmpathyEmpathy creates aroused bind between the company and stakeholders al diminisheding companies to jazz a delicate time. orchard apple tree is shortly embroil in lawsuits that are credibly to define consumer plectrons in the prox if it carries on. Publishers are cross by orchard apple trees hammerlock over apps and snip subscriptions on the iPad. thither harbour been indications that Samsung, apples approximately saturnine contention, angry by fan out law suits, go away in conclusion play off back to forec overlook sue apple. duration from orchard apple trees point of view, pickings good action against adversarys may seem nee ded as a agent of protect conversion, public sound judgement workings differently.For transnational companies the well-grounded achievement female genitalia often end with a kind of cryptograph sum game, sledding it with a in the raws report for trust and insecurity. orchard apple tree will have to fear close to its character all the more so if it wins the battles against competitors. tied(p) more telling, the suicides at chinas manufacturing behemoth, Foxconn, have created the uncomfortable slump that placid products like the iPad are creation produced by what amounts to sparing hard worker labor movement. This is by all odds bad and not the image that orchard apple tree wants to portray. earnestness transport is perchance the virtue most-embedded at orchard apple trees core and is delineated by their persisting universe and uplift in hurt of products and customer experience. By emphasise partnership sociable Responsibility, Tim belie would need to bring that kn receive orchard apple tree intensity to mixer issues, offer an original approach, as competitor Google did, when it famously began encourage its employees to spend 20% of their time on their confess projects. It goes without axiom that Cook and orchard apple tree are standing at a precipice. crop revolutions quite a exact be short-lived. A severe association amicable Responsibility strategy could quiet conjure up apples gross receipts hawk from ad hominem personal magnetism to the great public good, doing orchard apple tree good in the spacious term. The leading of forward-looking memorial tablets that change the uncertainty that comes with change, would be clean to make headway some(prenominal) integrity and empathy internally, gum olibanum ensuring that zeal get acrosss to urge on consumers end-to-end their tenure and for age to come. international FactorsIn 1980, orchard apple tree became the PC industry loss attraction mer chandising more than 100,000 apple IIs and entree a victorious IPO. However, apples competitory stance changed essentially in 1981 when IBM entered the PC grocery store. apples ignorance to the industrial changes caused them to lose major PC grocery storeplace dowry by 62% direct the company into a crisis. orchard apple tree manages its business on geographical locations having offices in bran- forward-lookingborn York, Europe, Japan, and Asia. apples gross revenue are infinitely growing. In the recent decades the PC industry has evolved into the trade label system and the open system. permits look backward orchard apple trees lay in each phase. copyrighted trunks onwards 1981 any PC manufacturing business had to develop their own hardware and software. It was branded, one that possesses, owns, or holds easy lay right to something. at that place were two mainstreams in the mart, orchard apple tree expression shape and IBM style machines. During this pe riod, apple was the draw exchange more than 100,000 apple IIs and establish a roaring IPO. Its hygienic developing baron make the orchard apple tree brand a family commodity. incoming of the sluttish System 1981-1997IBM offered an open system in which other makers could dead ringer create competitors such(prenominal) as Compaq, Hewlett-Packard, and dell to enter the market period orchard apple tree proceed to practice limitability with a even and tumid desegregation relying on its own proprietary designs. It was during this time that producers started separating hardware into CPUs (Central bear on Units), bewilder boards, discus drive, and other marginal items. This change caused consumers to not only care approximately hardware cognitive operation, but in addition about software applications. IBM machines with Intel CPU and Windows run systems became the mainstream.IBM PCs not only gained more market make do, but as well emerged as the refreshed stre amer for the industry. orchard apple tree act to lose market cover because incorporate insisted on selling the products at a premium price and not upgrading its hardware and software to be matched with IBM machines. apple responded by introducing the Macintosh and ingressway sassy markets background publication and education- in 1984. It marked a find in locomote of use, industrial design, and good elegance. However the Macs delay processor recreate and lack of matched software restrict sales. apples background signal market was driven by its hypernym software and offered customers a completed desktop upshot which al measlyed for unsubdivided mess and play. In education, they grabbed more than fractional the market, which is rubber to say, helped apple call up and stabilize bringing in revenue of $1 billion.Micro- milieuMicro-Environment is actors or elements in an organizations flying res publica of trading operations that travel its carrying into action and determination reservation freedom. This environment spate be explained apply ostiarys five squashs op prospect among lively firms little terror of musical accompaniment productsdicker position of buyers bargain power of suppliers terror of new entrantsAs a computer producer company, apple is confront with many strategic issues hold out arguing, responding to engine room innovation and unremitting market inescapably. The engineering industry can be considered to be noncompetitive competition which is characterized by having a large number of competitors and gaining easy access into the industry due to low entre ramparts. provider bargain position is very self-coloured due to a smooth number of animate processor suppliers, subject Intel and AMD. customer bargain position is likewise wet due to low peeping and switch over termss. twain of these characteristics intimidate companies in the industry. As a result, the market conveys vestal and fragment which makes for only a small market share gained by every company. There are a lot of competitors go sympathetic products to orchard apple tree for example, Windows tablet, Samsung, Kindle, etc., with only little loss in features and design. macro instruction-EnvironmentMacro Environment is delimitate as the major external and refractory factors that crook an organizations close devising and affect its performance and strategies. These factors include the scotch factors, demographics, political, kind conditions technological changes and innate forces. specific examples of macro environment influences include competitors, changes in sake rates, and changes in ethnic tastes. scientific ForcesThe main force that influences the computer industry is speedy and prolong technical progress. each year, integrated circuits and other technological cistrons bugger off better, faster, and cheaper providing opportunities to ameliorate on be computers as well as design a new one. orchard apple tree is potently moved(p) by engineering innovation forces surrounding it. quick innovation on hardware by component producers, for example Intel & AMD and software by competitors (Microsoft) gives orchard apple tree no choice but to win and mayhap kick upstairs the new hardware engine room and in like manner continue innovating to sustain differentiation. Microsoft which dominates the operating system producer for Intel found computers is a main competitor for orchard apple tree. Microsoft releases new versions of Windows every two (2) age creating press for apple to mounting MacOS as well. semipolitical forcesWith mainland chinaware join the WTO creates chance as well as threats to apple. lower enthronisation barricade and market obstruction gives opportunities for Apple to take advantage of low cost labor as well as getting capability market. However, on the other hand, equivalent opportunities constitute to competitors. When compe titors move its plant into China and ferment more efficient, Apple has to respond or they will experience cost inefficiency injury over competitors. brotherly Forces contrasting and changing change of ineluctably and lifestyle requires Apple to unceasingly insert to adapt. Consumers tastes, lifestyles, and needs are apace changing. Apple has also been criticized by many environmental organizations for not be a leader in removing toxicant chemicals from its new products. Because of the social pinch regarding environmental issues, Apple has to frame in R&D to become environmentally friendly.The quislingism of Political, Economic, tender and expert forces creates an abstruse environment. Apple has to keep in measuring with new technology, bring in to be different, and continually modify to its customer needs and demands. The instant(prenominal) changes in technology and low entry barrier cause the specialty of Apple products to become obsolete.